2020屆高考英語二輪專題訓(xùn)練 閱讀理解（31）

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1、2020屆高考英語二輪專題訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解（31） A [1]Compared to people with bad attitudes，people are less likely to suffer from colds．It’s possible that being positive helps the body fight il1nesses. [2]In a previous study，people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop coughs and ot

2、her cold symptoms．People who showed positive feelings were also less likely to mention symptoms to their doctors，even when medical tests detected those symptoms． [3]Those findings were interesting，but they didn’t prove that a person’s attitude affects whether he or she gets sick．Instead，it was sti

3、ll possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters． [4]Evidence suggests，for instance，that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic，with high self-esteem and a sense of control over life．This would mean that who we are，not how we feel，ultimately decide

4、s our chances of catching colds. [5]To figure out which mattered more，personality or emotions，the researchers interviewed 193 healthy adults．The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected．Their symptoms，however，differed depending on the types of emotions that they

5、 had reported over the previous fortnight． [6]Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus，for example, 28 percent developed coughs and stuffy noses．On the other hand，those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less positive． [7]Scientists argue about w

6、hether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are．For now，it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not ! 76．What’s the main idea of the passage?（Please answer within 10 words） 77．Fill in the blank with proper words in first paragraph.（Plea

7、se answer within 10 words） 78．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? But，their symptoms were closely related to the emotions they had claimed to have in the last two weeks. 79．Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into proper Chinese． 80．Supp

8、ose one of your friends had got infected with the H1N1 flu，give him／her at least three pieces of advice．（Please answer within 30 words） ① ② ③ B Modern inventions have speeded up people’s loves amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world

9、 inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boats (吹噓) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks. All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain

10、half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind on another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also hav

11、e their dangers, according to some scientist; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about. However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed constant activity that we find it dif

12、ficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world. There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the car

13、e of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestor faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunge

14、r, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence. 68. The new products become more and more time-saving because . A. our love of speed seems never-ending B. time is limited. C. the prices are increasingly high. D. the manuf

15、actures boast a lot. 69. What does “the days” in Paragraph 3 refer to ? A. Imaginary life B. Simple life in the past. C. Times of inventions D. Time for constant activity. 70. What is the author’s attitude towards the modern technology? A. Crit

16、ical B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative. 71. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The present and past times. B. Machinery and human beings. C. Imaginations and inventions. D. Modern technology and its influence. C D It is true that good writers rewrite and rew

17、rite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite, it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage. I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the

18、 publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work. . Different from popu

19、lar belief ,we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas （known as “mentalese”）, and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language . But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry （織錦），wri

20、ting can only be composed one thread at a time . Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produces new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds. When people write

21、 as if some strict critics （批評家） are looking over their shoulder , they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage

22、, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it ,as wonderful and worth putting down . It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses. 68. What do we learn from the text about those famous writers? A They

23、 often regret writing poor works B Some of them write surprisingly much. C Many of them hate reading their own works D They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions. 69. What do people generally believe about the way human minds work? A People think in words and sentences. B Human ideas ar

24、e translated into symbols C People think by connecting threads of ideas. D Human thoughts are expressed through pictures. 70. What can we conclude from the text? A Most people believe we think in symbols. B Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable. C The writers and critics can neve

25、r reach an agreement. D Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work. D B Heroes of Our Time A good heart Dikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came to Georgetown University on a scholarship(獎學(xué)金) to study medicine—but Coach(教練) John Thompson got a l

26、ook at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States. But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share his fortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. Af friend has said of this good-hearted ma

27、n: “Mutombo believes that God has given him this chance to do great things.” Success and kindness After her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children’s videos(錄像) in her own

28、house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others—producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program: “

29、I believe it’s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.” Bravery and courage A few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subway station with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the path of a trai

30、n. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails(鐵軌), and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he’s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love.” 60. What was Mutombo praised for? A. Being a star i

31、n the NBA. B. Being a student of medicine. C. His work in the church. D. His willingness to help the needy. 61. Mutombo believes that building the new hospital is ______. A. helpful to his personal development B. something he should do for his homeland C. a chance for his friends to share hi

32、s money D. a way of showing his respect to the NBA 62. What did the Baby Einstein Company do at its beginning? A. Produce safety equipment for children. B. Make videos to help protect children. C. Sell children’s music and artwork. D. Look for missing and exploited children. 63. Why was Wesle

33、y Autrey praised as a hero? A. He helped a man get across the rails. B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails. C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt. D. He saved a person without considering his own safety. A 答案： 76．Positive attitudes keep you healthy/Being cheerful keeps

34、you healthy /Personality and emotion concern health. 評分建議：能正確概括文章大意均可得分。需保證含義與參考答案一對致，單詞拼寫無誤。 77．who are cheerful and relaxed/who are positive/with positive attitudes/who are optimistic 評分建議：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，使語句通順。字體清楚、無拼寫、語法錯誤，即可得分。 78．Their symptoms, however, differed depending on the types of emotions

35、that they had reported over the previous fortnight. 評分建議：能準(zhǔn)確找出句子。字體清楚，有抄寫錯誤要酌情扣分。 79．這些發(fā)現(xiàn)很有趣，但不能證明一個人的態(tài)度對他/她是否生病產(chǎn)生影響。 評分建議：忠于原句，語句通順，無語言錯誤，方可得3分。 80．Answers may vary. 評分建議：每條建議1分。有語言表達錯誤，或總體字數(shù)限制酌情扣分。 特別說明： 1．卷面涂抹（包括亂涂亂畫）嚴重，總分扣2分； 2．異色筆、鉛筆答題，一律判0分。 B 68答案：A 題目: 新發(fā)明變得越來越省時, 是因為？ A. 我們對

36、速度的熱愛從未停止。 可回原文定位never-ending（因為有連詞符號）。原文第一段說到Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. 事實上, 我們對速度的熱愛從未停止。A選項是對原文的同意改寫。 B. 時間有限。原文未提及。 C. 價格日漸攀升。原文未提及價格因素。 D. 生產(chǎn)商大肆吹噓?；卦亩ㄎ籅oast(因為有中文注釋). 第一段最后一句說Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boats (吹噓) of savi

37、ng precious seconds in handling tasks. 解析：每年都有更高速的新車出產(chǎn), 而且新電腦也吹噓能節(jié)省寶貴的每一秒鐘?？梢? 題目和選項矛盾。越來越省時是事實, 不是因為吹噓而變得省時了。 69答案：B 題目: 第三段的“the days”指的是什么？ A: 想象的生活 B: 過去的簡單生活 C: 發(fā)明的時間 D: 連續(xù)活動的時間 解析： 回原文定位第三段該句Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting

38、imagination take us into another world. 也許, 我們靜靜聆聽廣播里的故事節(jié)目, 任想象插上翅膀肆意翱翔的日子, 已經(jīng)一去不返了。根據(jù)前后一句可得知, 文章重點是說的高速生活和簡單生活的對比。故:B選項是對原文的正確解讀。而A選項的理解有偏差, 重點轉(zhuǎn)移了。 70答案：B 題目: 作者對現(xiàn)代科技的態(tài)度是？ A: 批判的 B: 客觀的 C: 樂觀的 D: 消極的 解析： 根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu), 第一段陳述事實, 說現(xiàn)代高科技省時省力。第二段說高速生活的弊端。第三段說對簡單生活的向往, 但最后第四段卻說高科技對現(xiàn)代生活的積極影響。所以, 作者的觀點是不

39、偏不倚的。 71答案：D 題目: 這篇文章主要說的是什么？ A: 過去與現(xiàn)在 B: 機器和人類 C: 想象力和創(chuàng)造力 D: 現(xiàn)代科技和它的影響 解析： 根據(jù)文章首尾段的大意可知, 文章重在分析高科技的利與弊。 C 68【答案】C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由第二段的第二句they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions排除D，A,B文章中沒提到；由第二段的第一句they so dislike reading their own writing later可知選C， 69【答案】A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由第三段的前兩句

40、Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas （known as “mentalese”）可知選A。其他均可以排除。 70【答案】D 【解析】推理判斷題。由第三段的第一句Different from popular belief-----排除A項；第二段的第一句they so dislike reading their own writing later，排除B；由最后一段的二、三行Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds.排除C；由第二段二、三行the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down.可以看出寫作和思考是大腦工作地不同階段，選D。 D 60. D 61. B 62. C 63. D