2022年高中英語 Unit 1 Art 語法 虛擬語氣導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版選修6

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1、2022年高中英語 Unit 1 Art 語法 虛擬語氣導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版選修6 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句和賓語從句 【重點難點】錯綜時間條件句，用介詞短語代替條件句和用 其它手段來代替條件句。 【學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容】 課前預(yù)習(xí) 動詞的語氣表示說話人的態(tài)度和看法，可分為陳 述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。陳述語氣用來陳述講話 人認(rèn)為是事實的事情，有肯定、否定、疑問和感嘆等 式。祈使語氣用來說明說話人的請求和命令等。（你能分別舉出例句嗎？）虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或建議，而不表示客觀存在的事實。虛擬語氣通過謂語動詞

2、的特殊形式來表示。 ★ 虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句 含義 從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式 典型例句 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 一般過去時（be動詞常用were） Would/ Should/ Could/ Might+動詞原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 如果我有時間的話，我就參加會議 。 與將來事實相反 一般過去時（be動詞常用were Would/ Should/ Could/Might+動詞 原形 If you came,(should e/were to e) tomorrow

3、,we would have the meeting. 如果明天你來，我們就召開會議。 Should+動詞原形 Were to+動詞原形 含義 從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式 典型例句 與過去事實相反 過去完成時 Would/ Should/ Could/ Might+ have+過去分詞 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.如果你聽了我的建議的話，你就不會不及格了。 試一試：從Warming up和Reading中找

4、出三個使用了含if條件句的句型。 1. 2. 3. 改錯: 1.If I am you ,I would work in a small mountain village, --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.If you had followed my advice, you passed the exam last month. ---------------------------------------------------------------

5、----------------- 課堂學(xué)習(xí) 使用虛擬條件句時要注意以下幾點： 1）當(dāng)條件狀語從句所表示的行為和主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為“錯綜時間條件句”，動詞的形式要根據(jù)他所表示的時間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.如果你剛才聽了我的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就好多了。 If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果以前你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你現(xiàn)在就是大學(xué)生了。 2） If

6、省略句 在條件句中可省略if,把were, had, should 提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。如： 1.If I were at school again, I would study harder. →were I at school again , I would study harder. 2. If you had e earlier, you would have caught the bus. →had you e earlier, you would have caught the bus 3.If it should rain tomorrow, we would n

7、ot go climbing. → Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing 3）用介詞短語代替條件狀語從句。常用的介詞有with,, without ,but for.如: What would you do with a million dollars? =What would you do if you had a million dollars? 有一百萬你會干什么？ Without you help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. 沒有你的幫助

8、，我們不可能提前完成這項工作。 請把這句話轉(zhuǎn)換成含if 條件句的形式。 _____________________________________________________ 4）有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if 引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是用其它手段來代替條件句。例如： I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meeting.(副詞) He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known

9、 nothing about it.(連詞) I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.(連詞) 試一試：請你把以上三個句型變成含if 條件句的形式 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ★ （1）．表示堅持、命令、建議、

10、要求等詞后的賓語從句中，謂語用“should+動詞原形”，should 可以省略。這些詞包括： 一堅持：insist 二命令：order, mand 三建議：suggest, propose, advise 四要求：request, require, demand, ask She demanded that she be kept informed of developments. 他要求繼續(xù)向他報告事態(tài)發(fā)展情況。 The doctor advised that he (should)change his job. 醫(yī)生勸他換工作。 (2).wish 后的賓語從句 含義

11、 從句謂語動詞形式 典型例句 針對現(xiàn)在表達愿望（與事實相反） 一般過去時（be動詞常用were） I wish I had a little lab of my own.但愿我有一間屬于自己的小實驗室。 針對將來表達愿望 Would/ Could/ Might+動詞原形 I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.我希望你別再抽煙了。 I wish he could e tomorrow. 我希望他明天能來。 對過去的事情表示遺憾或后悔 過去完成時 He wishes he hadn’t lost the c

12、hance.他真希望他沒失去機會。 改錯： 1. The guard at gate insisted that everyone obeys the rules. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.I wish that she will get a good job in Shanghai after her graduation. --------------------------------------------------------------------

13、----- 3.The young man suggested that his wife walks one kilometer every morning to lose weight. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【課后作業(yè)與練習(xí)】 單項選擇 1. If I were to do it, I _______ it in a different way. A. shall do B. will do C. would do D. ha

14、ve done 2. If you asked your father, you_________ permission. A. may get B. might get C . should have got D may be get 3. ________ I you ,I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C . Will be D Were 4. ________ the English examination, I would have g

15、one to the concert last Sunday. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 5. Without electronic puters, much of today’s advanced technology ___________. A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved 6. Had I known about this puter program，a huge amount of time and energy ________. A．would have been saved B．had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved 7. I________ through that bitter period without your generous help.