高考英語一輪復習 Unit3 Inventors and inventions課件 新人教版選修8 (2).ppt

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,選修8Unit1—Unit5,Unit3Inventorsandinventions,,1．________(adj.)被動的；消極的；被動語態(tài)的2．________(vt.)抓??；捉??；奪3．________(n.)文件；檔案；文件夾(vt.)提交；將……歸檔4．________(adj.)冰凍的；嚴寒的5．________(vt.)忍受；忍耐；負擔6．________(vt.)輕打；輕拍；輕敲(n.)輕輕地敲擊(聲)；(水)龍頭7．________(adj.)穩(wěn)固的；穩(wěn)定的；安定的8．________(adj.)實際的；實踐的；實用的,重點單詞,passive,seize,file,freezing,bear,tap,stable,practical,9．________(n.)(水或氣)流；電流(adj.)現在的；當前的10．________(n.)產品11．__________(adj.)便利的；方便的；就近的→___________(n.)便利；方便→______________(adj.)不方便的；引起麻煩的12．________(n.)小心；謹慎→________(adj.)小心的；謹慎的→__________(adv.)小心地；謹慎地13．__________(vi.&vt.)顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別→_____________(adj.)卓越的；著名的；杰出的,current,product,convenient,convenience,inconvenience,caution,cautious,cautiously,distinguish,distinguished,14．________(adj.)寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→________(n.)寬大；仁慈15．________(vt.)聯想；聯系(n.)同伴；伙伴→_____________(n.)社團；協會；聯合；聯想16．________(adj.)突然的；意外的→________(adv.)突然地，唐突地17．___________(n.)預料；期待；期望→________(vt.)預料；期待；期望；認為18．________(adj.)清白的；無罪的；天真的→__________(n.)天真，清白,merciful,mercy,associate,association,abrupt,abruptly,expectation,expect,innocent,innocence,1．________________給……打電話2．________________偶爾；有時3．________________開始；著手4．________________迅速把手伸入；一心投入5．________________開始(做)6．________________不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住7．________________次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障8．________________設法聯系上(尤指打通電話)；(設法)做完；通過9．________________回復電話10．________________掛斷電話,重點短語,callupnowandthensetaboutdiveintosetout(todo)hangonoutofordergetthroughringbackringoff,1．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟隨它，在它的周圍探索，不知不覺中，你將有值得考慮的某些東西占用你的大腦。[解讀]本句為“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”結構。[仿寫]努力學習，你會被一所重點大學錄取。Workhardand________________________akeyuniversity.,經典句型,答案：youwillbeadmittedto,2．Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.(評定)專利標準是很嚴格的，除非新的想法真是新穎的，否則很難被接受。[解讀]so...that...引導結果狀語從句。[仿寫]他的計劃如此實用以至于我們大家都同意接受它。Hisplanwas________________________weallagreedtoacceptit.,答案：sopracticalthat,3．ThenextmorningIgotupearlybeforethesunwashot.第二天早上，天還不是很熱，我就早早地起來了。[解讀]before意為“在……之前”，引導時間狀語從句。[仿寫]遭受地震襲擊的地區(qū)，人們的生活要過很長時間才會恢復正常。______________________________thepeopleslifeinearthquakestrickenareasreturnstonormal.,答案：Itwillbealongtimebefore,4．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有獲得了認證，你才可以說是一個真正的發(fā)明者。[解讀]only＋狀語位于句首部分倒裝。[仿寫]只有當他離開家時他才意識到他的家是多么的好。________whenhewasawayfromhome________________hownicehomewas.,答案：Only；didherealize,1．distinguishvt.&vi.顯示……的差別；使……有不同；辨別[教材原句]Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.這回我有機會來表現一下自己，我要發(fā)明某種仁慈的東西，既可以把蛇抓到而又不會傷害到它們。,板塊一：核心單詞,(1)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……distinguishoneself(as...)(作為……)表現突出(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名,①Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?兒童到什么年齡才能明辨是非？②Hedistinguished________bywinning4prizes.他因獲得四個獎項而名聲大噪。③Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishone________theother.這對雙胞胎長得很像，沒有人能分辨得出哪個是哪個。④Honestlyspeaking，Iadmireyour________achievements.老實說，我真羨慕你卓越的成就。,答案：②himself③from④distinguished,2．seizevt.抓住；捉住，奪[教材原句]...Idecidetoseizetheopportunitytogetrecognitionformysuccessfulideabysendingmyinventiontothepatentoffice.……我決定抓住這次機會把我的發(fā)明送到專利局去，請他們對我這次成功的思路給予認定。,seizeon/upon利用seizesb.bythearm抓住某人的胳膊seizeanopportunity/achancetodosth.抓住機會做某事,①Hewhoseizestherightmomentistherightman.誰把握機遇，誰就心想事成。②Sheseizedme________________.她抓住我的手腕。③Hisfatheraskedhimto__________________tomakesomemoney.父親叫他抓住時機賺一些錢。,答案：②bythewrist③seizethechance,3．expectationn．預料；期待；期望[教材原句]Thiswasintheexpectationthatthesnakeswouldbiteagain.這是為了防止蛇再次咬人。,(1)come/liveuptoonesexpectations不負所望inexpectationof期待；指望；預料會有beyondexpectations料想不到(2)expectvt.期望；預料expecttodosth.期望做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事beexpectedtodosth.預計……,①WeknowthatMarywilldowell，butshehavesucceededbeyondexpectation.我們知道瑪麗會做得不錯，但沒想到她竟取得了出乎意料的成功。②Ifyouwouldgivemeanotherchance，IbelieveIcan________.如果你再給我一個機會，我相信我能達到你的期望。③Heatealightlunch__________________agooddinner.他午餐吃得少，期待著晚上好好吃一頓。④Thecityspopulation__________toexpandby12%intenyears.十年后，該市人口預計增加12%。,答案：②comeuptoyourexpectation③inexpectationof④isexpected,4．bearvt.忍受；忍耐；負擔；生育n.熊(bore，born)[教材原句]Icannotbearthesmellofburntsausageonthebarbecue.我忍受不了架子上烤香腸的味道。,(1)cantbeardoing/todosth.不能忍受做某事cantbearsb./sb.sdoing/todosth.不能忍受某人做某事(2)bearaheavyburden肩負重擔bearresponsibility/theblame承擔責任/受責備(3)bear/keepsth.inmind記住……bearinmindthat...記住……,[見證2014]Itcomeseasilytome—hearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind—eachandeverynote，”saysSamuel.塞繆爾說：“這對我來說很容易——我聽到的音符就能把它們記住，而且是每一個音符”。(2014廣東卷閱讀理解A),①Whowillbearthelossescausedbytheaccident?誰來負擔事故導致的損失？②Shecantbear______________(laugh)at.她不能容忍被人恥笑。③Weshouldalways________________thatmanytrafficaccidentsarisefromdrunkdriving.我們應該牢記，很多事故都是由酒后駕駛造成的。④—Mum，itsfinetoday.Iwanttoskateonthelake.—Dontyouthinktheiceistoothin________yourweight?——媽媽，今天天氣很好，我想到湖上去滑冰。——難道你不認為冰太薄承受不了你的重量嗎？,答案：②beinglaughed③bearinmind④tobear,5．associatevt.聯想，聯系[教材原句]Althoughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone，hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybodyslife.雖然人們常把他與電話的發(fā)明聯系在一起，但是他的確是一位永不停息的探索家，不斷尋求著改善人們生活質量的途徑。,(1)associate...with...把……和……聯系在一起；由……聯想到……associatewithsb.與某人交往或常打交道beassociatedwith...和……有關(2)associationn．聯合；聯想；交往；協會；團體inassociationwith...與……合伙/合作/有關(3)associatedadj.關聯的，聯合的,①Whatdoyouassociatewithsuchaheavysnow?對這樣一場大雪你有什么聯想？②Youwilllearnalotifyou______________thesepeople.你如果與這些人交往就會學到很多東西。③AsfarastheAmericanchildrenareconcerned，theChristmas________withexcitement，happinessandgifts.對于美國的孩子來說，圣誕節(jié)與興奮、幸福和禮物聯系在一起。④Throughsciencewevegottheideaof______________thefuture.通過科學，我們知道了應該把進步與未來聯系起來。,答案：②associatewith③isassociated④associatingprogresswith,6．callup給……打電話；使……回憶起[教材原句]WhenIcalledupmymotherinthecountrysideonthetelephoneshewasveryupset.我給住在鄉(xiāng)下的母親打電話的時候，她感到很心煩。,板塊二：短語和句型,①callback回電話，召喚某人回來②callfor需要；要求③calloff取消④callin拜訪(某人)；號召⑤callat拜訪(某地)⑥callout大聲地喊，叫出來,①Thesoundofhappylaughtercalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.這歡笑聲讓他回憶起童年的情景。②TheMinistryofEducation____________studentstoexerciseforanhoureveryday.教育部呼吁學生每天鍛煉一個小時。③Thesuddenblowtoherlegmadeher____________inpain.她的腿遭到突然一擊，使得她痛得大叫大嚷起來。④Thereisnoneedtoworry.Iwill____________youatsevenoclock.沒有必要擔心，我7點鐘去接你。,⑤Thegamewas____________becauseofthebadweather.比賽因天氣惡劣被取消。⑥Awellwrittencomposition________________agoodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.一篇好的作文還需要選詞準確，結構清晰。,答案：②callson③callout④callfor⑤calledoff⑥callsfor,7．setabout開始；著手(about是介詞，其后常接名詞或動名詞)[教材原句]Isetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.我著手研究蛇的習性，以便能找到捕蛇的最簡易的方法。,setout(todo)開始做，出發(fā)，動身setdown放下，記下setaside留出，把……置一旁setoff引起，放(煙火)setup開辦，設立,①Someboysaresettingofffireworksinthestreet.幾個男孩正在街上放鞭炮。②________________sometimeeachdaytowrite，evenifitisonlyfiveminutes.每天都留出一點時間來寫作，哪怕只有5分鐘。③Theyoungworkers________________theirworkwithgreatenthusiasm.這些年輕的工人們以極大的熱情投入到他們的工作中。,④Traditionally，collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey________________ontheirlifejourney.傳統(tǒng)上，大學生在開始他們的人生旅程之前會用畢業(yè)典禮來鼓勵他們自己。,答案：②Setaside③setabout④setoff,8．hangon不掛斷；堅持；緊緊握住(tosth.)[教材原句]Hangon，please.請別掛電話。,,①Hangon—Illjustgetapen.別掛電話——我去拿支筆。②Tryand____________untilhelparrives.想辦法堅持到援助的到來。③She____________thephoneangrilybeforeIcouldspeak.我還沒來得及說話她就生氣地掛斷了電話。④He______________formurder.他因謀殺罪被處以絞刑。,⑤Hemanagesto____________apieceofrockprotrudingfromthecliffface.他想方設法攀住了從懸崖上伸出的一塊巖石。⑥Whyishe____________inthestreets?為什么他在街上四處閑逛？,答案：②hangon③hungup④washanged⑤hangonto⑥hangingabout,9．outoforder次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障；有毛??；狀況不佳[教材原句]Imsorry，butthisphoneisoutoforder.對不起，電話壞了。,(1)ingood/terribleorder秩序井然/一團糟inorder整齊；按順序put/keep...inorder使……井然有序(2)類似的短語有：outofbreath上氣不接下氣outofcontrol失去控制outofdanger脫離危險,outofdate過時的，過期的outofplace不合適的(不相稱的，不適合的)outofquestion毫無疑問，一定，當然outofreach夠不著outofsight看不見，在視野之外outoftouch失去聯系outofwork失業(yè),①Thecarwasoutoforder，sowehadtowalktoschool.汽車出了故障，所以我們只好步行去學校。②Allthebooksareput______________.所有的圖書都排放整齊。③Thingswere______________.情況一團雜亂。,答案：②ingoodorder③interribleorder,10．getthrough設法聯系上(尤指打通電話)；(設法)做完；通過；消耗掉[教材原句]Ican‘tgetthrough.我打不通電話。[猜一猜]觀察句子，寫出句中getthrough的含義①Icouldntgetthroughtoherbecauseherphonewasbusyallday.________________②Shefoundwritinghelpedhergetthroughtheroughdays.________________③Ivegotthroughthedrivingtestrecently.________________④AssoonasIgetthroughwithmyworkIlljoinyou.__________,答案：①接通電話，聯系②度過(難關)③通過④做完,①get(sth.)across(tosb.)(使某事)傳播或為(某人)理解②getalongwithsb.與某人相處；進展③getawaywithsth.攜某物潛逃；不因某事受懲罰④getdowntosth./doingsth.開始做某事；認真處理某事⑤getover克服,①WegotthroughafortunewhilewewereinNewYork.我們在紐約時花掉了一大筆錢。②HowcanI____________toyoupeoplehowimportantthisis?我怎么做才能讓你們這些人理解這件事的重要性？③Howareyou____________there?你在那里過得怎么樣？④Ivelearnedto____________badlifesexperiencesandlearnedhowtomoveonbecauseofher.因為她，我已經學會了如何克服生活中的艱難困苦，也學會了如何繼續(xù)努力。,答案：②getitacross③gettingalong④getover,11．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，andbeforeyouknowit，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟隨它，在它的周圍探索，不知不覺中，你將有值得考慮的某些東西占用你的大腦。,本句句式結構為：祈使句＋and＋陳述句。(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句(3)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句,①Listencarefully，andyoullunderstandit.＝Ifyoulistencarefully，youllunderstandit.仔細聽，你就會明白。②Studyhard，________youllfailinyourexams.認真學習，否則你會考試不及格。③Everyday________aproverbaloudseveraltimesuntilyouhaveitmemorized.每天把一句諺語大聲朗讀幾遍直到記住它。,答案：②or/otherwise③read,12．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有獲得了那種認證以后，才能說你是一個真正的發(fā)明者。,only＋狀語從句，置于句首的倒裝句only后使用部分倒裝的三個注意事項：①only＋狀語放在句首②only修飾作狀語的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句③only后的狀語從句不倒裝，主句倒裝,①Onlythendidwerealizethatwewerewrong.直到那時我們才發(fā)現我們錯了。②Onlyinthisway______________finishtheworkontime.只有通過這種方式你才能按時完成工作。③Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1945______________abletoreturntohishometown.直到1945年戰(zhàn)爭結束他才能夠返回家鄉(xiāng)。④Onlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percent______________betreatedproperlyinthishospital.只有將醫(yī)生的人數增加50%，這家醫(yī)院的病人才能得到恰當的治療。,答案：②canyou③washe④canthepatients,根據漢語提示，用句末括號內的英語單詞完成句子1．MayIcomeandtalkwithyou____________？(convenient)在你方便時我能來和你談談嗎？2．Thetouristarea，__________________historicandscenicattractions，isvisitedbythousandsoftouristseveryday.(dot)這個旅游區(qū)內名勝古跡星羅棋布，每天都吸引成千上萬的游客來參觀。,單元語法專練：,答案：1.whenitsconvenienttoyou2.(whichis)dottedwith,3．Goodoutcomescanincreasethebeliefthatyouarecapableofaccomplishing____________.(set)好的結果能夠增強你有能力完成任何你打算著手干的事情的信念。4．Cigarettesmokinghasbeenconsidered________________lungcancer.(associate)肺癌一直被認為與吸煙有關。5．Themurdererbeggedthejudge____________，butwassentencedtodeath.(mercy)那個殺人犯懇求法官對他網開一面，但還是被判了死刑。,答案：3．whateveryousetouttodo4.(tobe)associatedwith5．toshowmercytohim,6．____________hisresearchforseveralmonths，theprofessordecidedtogoawayonholidayandforgetallaboutittemporarily.(dive)潛心于研究好幾個月之后，這位教授決定去度假，暫時忘卻這一切。7．____________astockifyouhaveabadfeelingaboutthecompanyasaconsumer，oryoumightsufferagreatloss.(hang)作為消費者，如果你對一家公司感覺不好的話，就不要持有這家公司的股票，否則你可能會損失一大筆。,答案：6.Havingdivedinto7.Donthangonto,8．Iwas____________therefereethatIthoughtheshouldgetpunishedbyFIFA.(disappoint)我對那個裁判真失望，我認為他應該受到國際足聯的處罰。9．Frozenyogurtmay____________caloriesbutnotifyoueatfivetubsofit.(low)冷凍酸奶卡路里含量低，但你一次吃五罐就不低了。10．Ifthepatentcommitteehadapprovedmydesign，myinvention____________inpractice.(adopt)要是專利委員會批準了我的設計，那么我的發(fā)明就會在實踐中加以運用了。,答案：8.sodisappointedwith9.belowin10.wouldhavebeenadopted,