牛津譯林版英語八下Unit 1 Past and Present(Grammar)課件

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1、Unit 1 Past and presentGrammar 牛津版初中英語八年級下牛津版初中英語八年級下We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past.Past present Eddie was born four years ago.We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and still have some connection with t

2、he present.Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.Eddie has lived with Millie for four years.presentPastPastpresent4 years一、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成一、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成1.現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句句型：句型：主語主語+have/has+過去分詞過去分詞。We have lived in Beijing.He has lived in Beijing.I have finished my homework.2.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句句型：句型

3、：主語主語+have/has+not+過去分過去分詞詞 I have not seen the movie yet.He hasnt been to Beijing since thenI/They/We/You have arrived.He/She/It has Have you.?Has he.?Yes,I have Yes,he has.No,I havent.No,he hasnt.has not=hasnt have not=havent the past particles of some verbs most verbs Irregular verbs Infinitive P

4、ast particle Infinitive Past particletraveltravelledcomecomevisitvisitedseeseenlivelivedbebeenmissmissedgivegivenlandlandedwritewrittenmovemovedmakemadelearnlearnedputputMaking sentencesMr.Wu asks the students to complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense.Help them complete the sen

5、tences.1.They_(go)to the cinema already.2.Mr And Mrs.Li _(not come)back yet.3.John_(be)to the USA a few times.4.We _(not see)that film yet5.I _(not talk)to my cousin since last Friday.6.You _(not visit)me for a long time.have gonehave not comehas beenhave not seenhave not talkedhave not visited3.現(xiàn)在完

6、成時的一般疑問句現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句句型句型 Have/Has+主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+.Have you finished the work?Has she arrived here?4.現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句句型句型 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語主語+過去分過去分詞詞+.How many times have you been to the Great Wall?Chat timeMillie and Sandy are talking about a film about Hong Kong.Complete their conversatio

7、n.Use the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.M:_ you _(see)any films recently,Sandy?S:No,I _.What about you?M:Yes,I _(see)one.S:What is it about?M:I _(forget)the title.Its about Hong Kong.Haveseenhaventhave seenhave forgottenS:_ your cousin _(go)with you?M:No,he _.He _(be)very busy this week

8、.S:Did you enjoy this film?M:Yes,I did.I _(learn)a lot about Hong Kongs past and present._ you _(visit)Hong Kong before?S:No,I _.But I have heard about Hong Kongs new airport.Didgodidnthas beenhave learntHavevisitedhaventM:Do you know how long it has in service.S:No,I dont.M:Let me tell you.It_(be)i

9、n service since 1998.S:Oh,so it was one year after Hong Kongs return to China!M:Yes.You must go and watch that film if you want to learn more about Hong Kong.has been表示現(xiàn)在完成時的時間副詞表示現(xiàn)在完成時的時間副詞一、一、since短語或從句表示過去的動短語或從句表示過去的動 作延續(xù)至今，作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時間為一點(diǎn)之后的時間為一點(diǎn)。Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984.1984年以來，

10、史密斯先生一直在這工作。年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個英語單詞。他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個英語單詞。二、二、for短語表示動作延續(xù)多長時短語表示動作延續(xù)多長時 間，間，for的賓語為時間段。的賓語為時間段。We have known each other for twenty years.我們認(rèn)識有二十年了。我們認(rèn)識有二十年了。I havent seen her for a long time.我好久沒有見到她了。三、三、just,recen

11、tly是完成時的時間狀語，是完成時的時間狀語，just now 有有a moment ago 之意，是之意，是一般過去時的時間狀語。一般過去時的時間狀語。The train has just arrived.火車剛到?；疖噭偟健id you see Joan just now?你剛才看到瓊了嗎？你剛才看到瓊了嗎？Have you heard from your family lately/recently?你最近收到家人的來信了嗎？你最近收到家人的來信了嗎？四、四、ever和和never也是現(xiàn)在完成時常也是現(xiàn)在完成時常見的時間狀語。前者意思是見的時間狀語。前者意思是“曾曾經(jīng)經(jīng)”，多見于疑問句

12、或否定句中；，多見于疑問句或否定句中；后者意思是后者意思是“從來沒有從來沒有”，表示全，表示全部否定。部否定?！癏ave you ever seen the film?”“No.I have never seen it.”“你曾經(jīng)看過這部影片嗎？你曾經(jīng)看過這部影片嗎？”“沒有，沒有，從來沒從來沒看過。看過?！盢obody in our class has ever been there.我我們班沒有人去過那。們班沒有人去過那。五、五、already和和yet常見于現(xiàn)在完成時常見于現(xiàn)在完成時中，有中，有“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”之意。前者一般用之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑問句中。在肯定句中，后者用在

13、疑問句中。yet在否定句中有在否定句中有“還還”之意。之意?！癏as the bus left yet”?“Yes.It has already left.”(“No.It hasnt left yet.)“汽車開走了嗎？汽車開走了嗎？”“是的，已經(jīng)開走了。是的，已經(jīng)開走了。”“不，還沒有開走。不，還沒有開走?！绷?、六、“already”用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句中用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句中,“yet”用于現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句和疑問句中用于現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句和疑問句中.用用“already”“yet”填空。填空。He has()visited many places in China.注意注意 already 在句中的兩種位置在句中的兩種位置.The train hasnt arrived（）.火車（到現(xiàn)在）還沒有到。火車（到現(xiàn)在）還沒有到。Has she arrived （）?她已經(jīng)到了嗎？她已經(jīng)到了嗎？Hasnt he come（）?她還沒來嗎？她還沒來嗎？alreadyyet yet yetHomework Review what you learnt today.