中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題十八 閱讀理解 第2講 閱讀理解CD篇

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1、專題十八閱讀理解 第2講北京東城一模閱讀理解CD篇 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 掌握本篇閱讀理解中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。 2. 掌握閱讀理解的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇閱讀理解中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。 3. 通過(guò)閱讀理解高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語(yǔ)料的積累, 及閱讀理解解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種閱讀理解題。 C篇 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 “巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊”, 在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中, 語(yǔ)料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于閱讀理解高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了嗎

2、？ 高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。） 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 normal adj. 正常的 different adj. 不同的 describe v. 描述 frightened adj. 害怕的 v. frighten terrible adj. 可怕的，很糟的 decide v. 決定 rude adj. 粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)理的

3、 change v. 改變 completely adv. 完全的 adj. complete excellent adj. 極好的 exciting adj. 令人興奮的 popular adj. 受歡迎的 discussion n. 討論 v. discuss look forward to 期待，盼望 長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。）

4、1. I won't describe what I look like.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：我不想描述我長(zhǎng)什么樣子。 本句為賓語(yǔ)從句，what I look like作describe的賓語(yǔ)，要注意翻譯時(shí)的語(yǔ)序。 2. It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions.（優(yōu)*良*差*） ____

5、_____________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：這本書講述了一個(gè)會(huì)使你感覺(jué)到許多不同情感的令人興奮的故事。 本句為定語(yǔ)從句，由that引導(dǎo)的從句修飾先行詞story. 初中閱讀中會(huì)遇到大量的定語(yǔ)從句，翻譯是要注意語(yǔ)序，同時(shí)它也是高中英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀理解解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀理解的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我

6、們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀理解的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？ 一、閱讀理解解題步驟 第一步 快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大概。 瀏覽時(shí)要注意以下句子：每段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，重要的情節(jié)句子，如果遇到未學(xué)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞或不理解的句子，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，切不可停留而放慢速度。 第二步 瀏覽問(wèn)題，明確要求。 把文章后每個(gè)題目?jī)?nèi)容看明白，這樣又能輔助進(jìn)一步理解文章的主要內(nèi)容，具體做題時(shí)就能對(duì)號(hào)入座，找到文章中確切表達(dá)所要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵句子。 第三步 通篇尋讀，確定段落。 也就是帶著問(wèn)題去讀，找到要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞、句或意群，以及任何有關(guān)答題的信息，用鉛筆畫

7、下來(lái)，以便為下一步答題做好充分準(zhǔn)備。 第四步 逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。 把需要回答的問(wèn)題和尋讀中找到的信息逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，出題者問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)都是按照文章內(nèi)容自上到下順序設(shè)計(jì)的，根據(jù)難度先解決容易的，最后解決深層次的理解題。 第五步 復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。 全部題目做完后，必須再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍全文，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章理解，核實(shí)所選答案是否正確。 二、閱讀理解解題技巧 初中英語(yǔ)選擇型閱讀理解題主要分為四種題型，分別是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。接下來(lái)我們將從這四種題型的定義，設(shè)題方式和解題技巧三方面進(jìn)行介紹。 題型 題型一：細(xì)節(jié)理解題 解釋 本類

8、試題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問(wèn)題包括詢問(wèn)人（who）、物（what）、時(shí)間（when）、地點(diǎn)（where）、原因（cause）、結(jié)果（effect）、文中的數(shù)據(jù)（data）等。新聞、說(shuō)明文、廣告信息等常?？疾爝@些細(xì)節(jié)。 設(shè)題方式 1. Which of the following statements is true/false? 2. Which of the following is (not) mentioned? 3. According to the passage, when( where, why, how, who, etc)…

9、? 解題技巧 1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案 2. 變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案 3. 多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案 典題精析 Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed,

10、 try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）. If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will . A. get hurt B. give up cutting C. feel awkward D. change their tools 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直

11、接就題找答案 瀏覽題干，確定關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)為cut up potatoes with their left hand，瀏覽段落，確定關(guān)鍵句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.“如果你是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成塊。如果你感到別扭并不讓人驚訝?！?，根據(jù)句意即可推斷出正確答案，故選C。 題型 題型

12、二：推理判斷題 解釋 推理判斷題著重考察學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，即要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理判斷。此類題目難度大，涉及面廣，如人物的性格、心理，故事的結(jié)局、寓意，文章的出處、體裁，作者的傾向、態(tài)度等。 設(shè)題方式 1. It can be inferred from the text that_____. 2. From the text we know that _____. 3. With which of the following does the author agree? 4. The passage is probably taken from a _____.

13、 解題技巧 1. 通過(guò)文章陳述的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推斷 2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷 3. 根據(jù)作者的意圖和態(tài)度進(jìn)行推斷 典題精析 Boredom is often linked with loneliness, buta writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developingher mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her nei

14、ghbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up. Grayson Perry, an artist,grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed hims

15、elf by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.

16、The writer talks about Syal and Perry to . A. stress the great differences between them B. introduce a popular writer and a famous artist C. suggest good ways of going through boredom D. show effects of boredom on developing creativity 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷 題干意為“作者談?wù)揝yal和P

17、erry的例子的目的是什么？”。兩個(gè)段落很長(zhǎng)，我們首先要精讀段落，抓住兩個(gè)人物的態(tài)度，第一段中關(guān)鍵句為a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind.意為“Meera Syal說(shuō)無(wú)聊幫助她發(fā)展了她的思想”，第二段關(guān)鍵句為He became creative, because he could think freely.意為“他變得積極，因?yàn)樗軌蜃杂伤伎肌?，由這兩句關(guān)鍵句可知兩個(gè)人都認(rèn)為“無(wú)聊可以發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力，”，故選D。 題型 題型三：詞義猜測(cè)題 解釋 單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解

18、能力的主要組成部分，是考查對(duì)文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)的理解。而且，所考察的詞或短語(yǔ)的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷。 設(shè)題方式 1. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ______. 2. The word“…”most likely means _____. 3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word _____. 解題技巧 1. 通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 2. 通過(guò)同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 3. 通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義 4.

19、通過(guò)定義或釋義說(shuō)明來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義 5. 通過(guò)描述猜測(cè)詞義 6. 用知識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)猜測(cè)詞義 7. 根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 典題精析 Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity. What

20、 does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Slow down. B. Keep up with. C. Go beyond. D. Give rise to. 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 通過(guò)同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義 瀏覽本段，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)本段中存在轉(zhuǎn)折連詞while“然而”，while后的句意為“無(wú)聊能給他們發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力的機(jī)會(huì)”，所以while之前的句意應(yīng)該與之相反，進(jìn)一步推測(cè)詞義。A意為“（使）慢下來(lái)”，B意為“跟上”，C意為“超出”，D意為“引起，導(dǎo)致”，故選A。 題型 題型四：主旨大意題 解

21、釋 考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解能力。 設(shè)題方式 1. 問(wèn)標(biāo)題：What is the main topic of the passage? / The best title for the passage is _____. 2. 問(wèn)中心：The first paragraph is mainly about the _____. / The passage is mostly about _____. 3. 問(wèn)目的，態(tài)度：The author wants to tell _____. / The purpose of this article is to _____.

22、 解題技巧 1. 瀏覽文章首尾段和各段開(kāi)頭，抓住主旨段或主旨句 2. 瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨 3. 以掌握主旨為前提，處理推斷作者語(yǔ)氣及寫作意圖 典題精析 In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Some children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days

23、parents and teachers have accepted that. In almost every school in the world, left-handed students can use their left hand to write. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Causes of being left handed. B. Encouragement to left-handers C. Punishment for using the left hand. D. Changes

24、in opinions on left-handers. 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨 本題考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先鎖定第二段的關(guān)鍵詞but，but之前的關(guān)鍵詞in the past和it was strange to use the left hand表明了在過(guò)去人們認(rèn)為使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的關(guān)鍵詞these days和have accepted that表明了現(xiàn)在人們接受了慣用左手的人。所以這段主要是講述了人們關(guān)于慣用左手的人的態(tài)度上的轉(zhuǎn)變。可以判定答案為Changes in opinions on left-handers.，故選D。

25、 語(yǔ)篇精講 瀏覽問(wèn)題 （抓住題干及選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章） 題號(hào) 題干及選項(xiàng) 1 How is Auggie different from other boys?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. His name is special. B. His face shape is not normal. C. He doesn’t go to school. D. He likes playing with his Xbox. 2 Why doesn’t Auggie want to go to school at first?（細(xì)

26、節(jié)理解題） A. Because he has to stay in hospital. B. Because his mother teaches better than teachers. C. Because he doesn’t think he should go to school. D. Because he is afraid other students may make fun of him. 3 What can we know about the book?（推理判斷題） A. It tells the story of a real family. B

27、. Many schools use it to educate students. C. Adults like the book more than children. D. The emotions of the story are hard to understand. 通篇尋讀 （通讀文章，根據(jù)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞標(biāo)記出文章中的重點(diǎn)詞，短語(yǔ)或句子，為逐題分析做準(zhǔn)備） 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星級(jí) 日常生活類 記敘文 366 7分鐘 __/3 ★★★ Wonder is a book about a ten-year-

28、old boy called August, or Auggie, who feels normal but looks very different. What’sWonder about? Auggie lives with his parents and sister in New York. He is a normal boy in many ways. He rides a bike and likes playing with his Xbox. But Auggie has deformities(畸形）of the face and looks very differen

29、t from other children. At the start of the book, he tells us "My name is August. I won't describe what I look like. Whatever you're thinking, it’s probably worse. " In the street, people look at Auggie and are frightened. Auggie has never been to school because he has spent a lotof time in hospital

30、. Hismother teaches him at home. But now he’s ten, she thinks he should go to school. At first, Auggie doesn’t want to go. He worries that other students will look at him and say terrible things. Butwhen he visits a school with his mum, he likes the head teacher and decides to go. Auggie’s first yea

31、r at school has good times and bad times. He makes some good friends but other children are rude to him. At the end of the year, Auggie goes on a school trip and a frightening eventthere changes things completely. Is it a good book? Wonder is an excellent book, It tells an exciting story that make

32、s you feel many different emotions. It is easy to like Auggie. He has a good sense of humour, so the book has a good mix of funny and sad moments. But the book isn’t just about Auggie. We also learn what life for his sister, and his friend, Jack. Wonder is popular with people of all ages. Pre-teens,

33、 teenagers and adults all love the book. A bestseller Wonder is RJ Palacio’s first book. On her website, she explains that she had the idea for Wonder after seeing a girl with deformities on the street one day.Many schools use the book to start discussions about bullying, friendship and being diff

34、erent. The book is very popular and has won prizes. Many people are looking forward to seeing what RJ Palacio writes next. 逐題分析 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇日常生活類的記敘文。主要介紹了Wonder 這本書主要內(nèi)容，闡述的道理及價(jià)值。 1. How is Auggie different from other boys? A. His name is special. B. His face shape is not normal. C. H

35、e doesn’t go to school. D. He likes playing with his Xbox. 解析：B. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)different from other boys可將答案鎖定在原文第二段中。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句But Auggie has deformities(畸形）of the face and looks very different from other children.“但是Auggie有著畸形的臉，看起來(lái)和其它的男孩有很大的不同?！?，A項(xiàng)意為“他的名字是特殊的”；B項(xiàng)意為“他的臉型不是正常的”，C項(xiàng)意為“他不想去上學(xué)

36、”，D項(xiàng)意為“他喜歡玩他的Xbox?！奔纯赏茢喑稣_答案。 2. Why doesn’t Auggie want to go to school at first? A. Because he has to stay in hospital. B. Because his mother teaches better than teachers. C. Because he doesn’t think he should go to school. D. Because he is afraid other students may make fun of him. 解析：D.

37、 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題詢問(wèn)的是“Auggi起初不想去上學(xué)的原因”。根據(jù)題干可將答案鎖定在文章第三段中，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“At first, Auggie doesn’t want to go. He worries that other students will look at him and say terrible things.”可知他擔(dān)心其他的學(xué)生會(huì)看他并說(shuō)一些糟糕的事情。即可推斷出正確答案。 3. What can we know about the book? A. It tells the story of a real family. B. Many schools use

38、 it to educate students. C. Adults like the book more than children. D. The emotions of the story are hard to understand. 解析：B. 推理判斷題。本題詢問(wèn)的是“我們能夠從這本書中得知什么？”A項(xiàng)意為“它告訴我們一個(gè)真實(shí)家庭的故事?！?，根據(jù)最后一段中On her website, she explains that she had the idea for Wonder after seeing a girl with deformities on the stre

39、et one day.可知這個(gè)故事的想法是來(lái)源于一個(gè)面部畸形的女孩，而不是真實(shí)的故事。B項(xiàng)意為“許多學(xué)校用這本書去教育學(xué)生”，根據(jù)最后一段Many schools use the book to start discussions about bullying, friendship and being different.可判定此項(xiàng)和文中表述一致；C項(xiàng)意為“成年人比兒童更喜歡這本書”，根據(jù)“Wonder is popular with people of all ages. Pre-teens, teenagers and adults all love the book.”可判定此項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；

40、D項(xiàng)意為“故事的情感很難理解”，根據(jù)“Wonder is an excellent book, It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions.”可知在這本書中你能感受到許多不同的情感，所以此項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故選B。 精講筆記 （學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的閱讀理解的知識(shí)和方法） 語(yǔ)篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)） 單詞 詞性及詞義 單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）

41、 語(yǔ)篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 1、2 推理判斷題 3 詞義猜測(cè)題 主旨大意題 能力提升 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯★ 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 normal adj. adj. 不同的 describe v. frightened adj. adj. 可怕的，很糟的 v. 決定 adj. 粗魯?shù)?，無(wú)理的 change v. completely adv. excellent adj. adj. 令人興奮的 a

42、dj. 受歡迎的 discussion n. look forward to 二、句子英漢互譯★★ 1. 你知道是誰(shuí)贏得了游戲嗎？ _____________________________________________. 2. 你能告訴我怎樣用這個(gè)新的電腦嗎？ ______________________________________________. 3. We also learn what life for his sister, and his friend, Jack. ________________________________

43、______________. 4. Many people are looking forward to seeing what RJ Palacio writes next. ______________________________________________. 5. The man who visited our school yesterday is an American friend. ______________________________________________. 閱讀練習(xí) 話題 體裁 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 實(shí)際用時(shí) 正確率 星

44、級(jí) 日常生活類 記敘文 373 7分鐘 __/4 ★★★ Alexis Martin is a three-year-old girl from Arizona. She hasn’t started kindergarten（幼兒園）yet, but she has an IQ above 160, which is well above the average（一般的）people’s IQ. So, there is no wonder that she has become the youngest member of Mensa, the largest and

45、 oldest high IQ society in the world. Mensa is an international club whose members have an IQ score in the top 2% of the world. Currently, Mensa has 3,300 members under the age of 18 in the U.S. Alexis is one of them. The average people generally have an IQ score of 100 points, but Martin scored 1

46、60 points, the highest score on the test. The doctors who tested Alexis said she scored so high that they couldn’t even work out her IQ exactly. They think she is even smarter than 99.9% of the world population. Actually, she matched the IQs of talents like Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking and Bill

47、Gates. Ian Martin, Alexis’ father, said his daughter showed signs of some unique abilities at the age of one and she began reading books for pupils when she was just two years old. Now at the age of three, Alexis isreading on a fifth grade level. “From 12 months old, we’d be driving around in the

48、 car and she would repeat her bedtime stories from the night before,” he said. “She didn’t just repeat them. She could remember every word of them exactly.” Ian Martin thinks his daughter also stands out when it comes to learning new languages. “Anytime she learns a word and just picks it up throug

49、h anything, she never ever uses it in the incorrect situation, ever,” Ian said. While Alexis’s parents are proud that their three-year-old daughter has become a member in Mensa, they are also aware of the price that comes with every gift. The doctors say Alexis should never attend a normal school

50、and children with her level of intelligence（智力）often experience high anxiety（焦慮）unless they’re around similarly gifted boys and girls. Her parents decide to follow the advice and try to look for proper ways to help her get involved into society. 1. Mensa only accepts __________. （細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. teenag

51、ers under 18 in the U.S. B. people with IQs above 160 in the U.S. C. talents in the world like Albert Einstein D. people with IQs in the top 2% of the world 2. From the passage, we know that Alexis’ IQ is __________.（細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. getting higher through training B. beyond the limit of the IQ test

52、 C. above the IQ of Stephen Hawking D. growing too fast to get an exact score 3. One of Alexis’ special abilities is that __________.（細(xì)節(jié)理解題） A. she could read stories at the age of one B. she could write books for pupils at the age of two C. she can remember every word of what her parents s

53、aid D. she can learn new words quickly and use them properly 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?（推理判斷題） A. Alexis is sure to experience anxiety in the future. B. Alexis’ parents can’t afford the gifts that she chooses. C. Alexis’ parents won’t be able to find her a normal school. D.

54、 Alexis may feel it hard to get along with the average people. 參考答案 基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 normal adj. 正常的 different adj. 不同的 describe v. 描述 frightened adj. 害怕的 terrible adj. 可怕的，很糟的 decide v. 決定 rude adj. 粗魯?shù)?，無(wú)理的 change v. 改變 completely adv. 完全地 excellent

55、 adj. 極好的 exciting adj. 令人興奮的 popular adj. 受歡迎的 discussion n. 討論 look forward to 期待，盼望 二、句子英漢互譯。 1. Do you know who has won the game? 2. Could you please tell me how to use the new computer? 3. 我們也了解到了他妹妹和他朋友杰克的生活。 4. 許多人盼望看到RJ Palacio接下來(lái)寫的作品。 5. 昨天參觀我們學(xué)校的那個(gè)男人是一個(gè)美國(guó)朋友。 閱讀練

56、習(xí) 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D D篇 名師點(diǎn)撥 知識(shí)篇 高頻詞 單詞/短語(yǔ) 詞性 詞義 拓展 掌握情況 優(yōu) 良 差 possibility n. 可能性 adj. possible opp. impossible convenient adj. 方便的 calm down 平靜下來(lái) relaxed adj. 放松的 necessary adj. 必要的 opp. unnecessary healthy

57、 adj. 健康的 opp. unhealthy alone adj. 單獨(dú)的 spend v. 度過(guò)，花費(fèi) information n. 信息 separate…from… 把…與…分開(kāi) 長(zhǎng)難句 1. I can ring my sister who lives in Los Angeles on Viber. （優(yōu)*良*差*） _______________________________________________________________________

58、__________________________ 句意：我可以通過(guò)Viber給我住在洛杉磯的妹妹打電話。 本句為who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞sister。 2. This is an age when we can get so much surface information about other people's lives, but beingwrapped（包裹） up in what other people are doing or always thinking about other people’s recognition (認(rèn)可) of us can be

59、quite unhealthy.（優(yōu)*良*差*） _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：這是一個(gè)我們能得到很多關(guān)于其他人生活的表面信息的時(shí)代，但是被別人所做的事情包裹起來(lái)或是總是考慮得到別人的認(rèn)可可能是非常不健康的。 本句的前半部分是一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞age，后半句是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)的句子。 方法篇 “方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀理解解題方法的梳理,

60、 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀理解的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。 親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀理解的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？ 一、閱讀理解解題步驟 第一步 快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大概。 瀏覽時(shí)要注意以下句子：每段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，重要的情節(jié)句子，如果遇到未學(xué)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞或不理解的句子，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，切不可停留而放慢速度。 第二步 瀏覽問(wèn)題，明確要求。 把文章后每個(gè)題目?jī)?nèi)容看明白，這樣又能輔助進(jìn)一步理解文章的主要內(nèi)容，具體做題時(shí)就能對(duì)號(hào)入座，找到文章中確切表達(dá)所要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵句子。 第三步 通篇尋讀，確定段落。 也

61、就是帶著問(wèn)題去讀，找到要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞、句或意群，以及任何有關(guān)答題的信息，用鉛筆畫下來(lái)，以便為下一步答題做好充分準(zhǔn)備。 第四步 逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。 把需要回答的問(wèn)題和尋讀中找到的信息逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，出題者問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)都是按照文章內(nèi)容自上到下順序設(shè)計(jì)的，根據(jù)難度先解決容易的，最后解決深層次的理解題。 第五步 復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。 全部題目做完后，必須再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍全文，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章理解，核實(shí)所選答案是否正確。 二、閱讀理解解題技巧 初中英語(yǔ)選擇型閱讀理解題主要分為四種題型，分別是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。接下來(lái)我們將從這四種題型的定義，

62、設(shè)題方式和解題技巧三方面進(jìn)行介紹。 題型 題型一：細(xì)節(jié)理解題 解釋 本類試題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問(wèn)題包括詢問(wèn)人（who）、物（what）、時(shí)間（when）、地點(diǎn)（where）、原因（cause）、結(jié)果（effect）、文中的數(shù)據(jù)（data）等。新聞、說(shuō)明文、廣告信息等常?？疾爝@些細(xì)節(jié)。 設(shè)題方式 1. Which of the following statements is true/false? 2. Which of the following is (not) mentioned? 3. According to the

63、passage, when( where, why, how, who, etc)…? 解題技巧 1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案 2. 變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案 3. 多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案 典題精析 Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers t

64、o use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）. If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will . A. get hurt B. give up cutting C. feel awkward D

65、. change their tools 本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案 瀏覽題干，確定關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)為cut up potatoes with their left hand，瀏覽段落，確定關(guān)鍵句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.“如果你是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成塊。如果

66、你感到別扭并不讓人驚訝?！?，根據(jù)句意即可推斷出正確答案，故選C。 題型 題型二：推理判斷題 解釋 推理判斷題著重考察學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，即要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理判斷。此類題目難度大，涉及面廣，如人物的性格、心理，故事的結(jié)局、寓意，文章的出處、體裁，作者的傾向、態(tài)度等。 設(shè)題方式 1. It can be inferred from the text that_____. 2. From the text we know that _____. 3. With which of the following does the author agree? 4. The passage is probably taken from a _____. 解題技巧 1. 通過(guò)文章陳述的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推斷 2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷 3. 根據(jù)作者的意圖和態(tài)度進(jìn)行推斷 典題精析 Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said