《導學教程高三英語二輪復習 第一部分 高考題型攻略篇 高考題型之二 閱讀理解 專題二 閱讀理解之主旨大意題課件》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《導學教程高三英語二輪復習 第一部分 高考題型攻略篇 高考題型之二 閱讀理解 專題二 閱讀理解之主旨大意題課件（44頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考專題二閱讀理解之主旨大意題微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考高考24話題之(二)：節(jié)假日活動(Festivals, holidays and celebrations)近年來，人們對中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的關(guān)注度日益下降而洋節(jié)日越來越受到人們的追捧。你們班就這一現(xiàn)象進行了熱烈的討論，請用英語寫一篇短文，要點如下：【寫作話題寫作話題】微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考贊成的理由贊成的理由1.有助于吸收外來文化，促進跨文化交流。有助于吸收外來文化，促進跨文化交流
2、。2.有些節(jié)日具有教育意義，如母親節(jié)、感有些節(jié)日具有教育意義，如母親節(jié)、感恩節(jié)等。恩節(jié)等。反對的理由反對的理由1.外來文化入侵，特別是宗教節(jié)日。外來文化入侵，特別是宗教節(jié)日。2.失去對中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的興趣。失去對中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的興趣。個人觀點個人觀點微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Nowadays, western festivals such as Christmas and Valentines Day_ (become) more and more popular in China.Some believe that_(celebrate) weste
3、rn festivals is a sign of globalization, _helps to take in various foreign cultures and improve crossculture _(communicate)【語法填空語法填空】are becomingcelebratingwhichcommunication微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考That we Chinese should celebrate these festivals has raised a heated discussion.However, o
4、thers believe that the popular of the western festival in China is the result of the foreign cultural invade.答案That改為Whetherpopular改為名詞popularity；festival改為復數(shù)形式festivals；invade改為名詞形式invasion【語法改錯語法改錯】微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考As long as I am concerned, we should value our traditional festi
5、vals, which has been essential part of the Chinese culture.答案long改為far；has改為have；essential前面加an微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Nowadays, western festivals such as Christmas and Valentines Day are becoming more and more popular in China.Whether we Chinese should celebrate these festivals has rais
6、ed a heated discussion.Some believe that celebrating western festivals is a sign of globalization, which helps to take in various foreign cultures and improve crossculture communication.Besides, some western festivals, such as Mothers Day and Thanksgiving Day, are instructive.【范文背誦范文背誦】微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探
7、探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考However, others believe that the popularity of the western festivals in China is the result of the foreign cultural invasion.For example, Christmas has strong religious colors.Whats more, young people may lose their interest in our traditional Chinese festivals like Dragonboat
8、 Festival, Tombsweeping Day etc.As far as I am concerned, we should value our traditional festivals, which have been an essential part of the Chinese culture.Meanwhile, we can have a taste of the western festivals just for fun.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考根據(jù)范文畫線部分仿寫下面情景：我們能否回家過中秋節(jié)還是一個問題。_就我而言
9、，五一勞動節(jié)是我最喜歡的一個節(jié)日，在此期間，我們可參觀很多景點。_， May Day is one of my favourite festivals, during which, we can visit lots of attractions.答案Whether we can return home for Midautumn Day remains a problem.As far as Im concerned【自主空間自主空間】微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考A(2016新課標乙卷)The meaning of silence varies a
10、mong cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some做真題做真題悟高考悟高考限時限時15分鐘分鐘微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考cultural groups as extremely unco
11、mfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(間隙)with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicati
12、ng among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示暗示)is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures, silence is a ca
13、ll for reflection.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement
14、between parties about the topic under discussion.However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to
15、 an elder or a person in authority.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction
16、of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考語篇解讀本
17、文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同內(nèi)涵。在有些時候，人們利用沉默來解決人們之間的沖突，而在有些時候沉默則被認為表示頑固或者是擔憂。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考1What does the author say about silence in conversations?AIt implies anger.BIt promotes friendship.CIt is culturespecific. DIt is contentbased.解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段首句“The meaning of silence varies
18、among cultural groups”可知，作者認為沉默是有文化特性的。答案C微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考2Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?AThe Chinese. BThe French.CThe Mexicans. DThe Russians.解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider
19、what has been said before continuing”可知中國人認為談話時人們的沉默是在思考談話內(nèi)容。答案A微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考3What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?ALet it continue as the patient pleases.BBreak it while treating patients.CEvaluate its harm to patients.DMake use of its healing effects.微微課課練練
20、隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段末句“A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients”可知，作者建議護士要利用沉默的好處來護理病人。故選D。答案D微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考4What may be the best title for the text?ASound and SilenceBWhat It Means t
21、o Be SilentCSilence to Native AmericansDSpeech Is Silver；Silence Is Gold解析主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了在不同文化背景下談話期間的沉默的不同含義，由此判斷B選項可以概括文章內(nèi)容。故選B。答案B微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考B(2016江蘇)Chimps(黑猩猩)will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.But beyond the minimum r
22、equirements as social beings, they have little instinct(本能)to help one another.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考In the labora
23、tory, chimps dont naturally share food either.If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at randomhe just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.Chimp
24、s are truly selfish.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative.From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativenes
25、s in a series of experiments with very young children.He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and
26、share are not taught, but naturally possessed in young children.One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave socially.Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded.A third reason is that soci
27、al intelligence.Develops in children before their general微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考cognitive(認知的)skills, at least when compared with chimps.In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding
28、 the social world.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考The core of what childrens minds have and chimps dont is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality.Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking.But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared
29、 purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”， a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考語篇解讀本文是一篇科普知識文。本文從猩猩的自私行為導入到人類無私幫助他人的本能，分析了人類愿意幫助他人、愿意與他人合作的本能天性的原因。5What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?AChimps seldom care about others interests.B
30、Chimps tend to provide food for their children.CChimps like to take in their neighbors food.DChimps naturally share food with each other.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段后兩句 “If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food himself or.he will pull at randomhe just
31、 doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.Chimps are truly selfish.”可知黑猩猩很自私，通常會把鄰居的食物搞的一團糟。說明他們根本不關(guān)心其他人的利益。故A項正確。答案A微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考6Michael Tomasellos tests on young children indicate that they_.Ahave the instinct to help othersBknow how to offer help to adultsCknow the
32、 world better than chimpsDtrust adults with their hands full微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.”和第四段第一句“There are several reasons to believe th
33、at the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally possessed in young children.”可知只有 18個月的孩子就知道去幫助他人，而且?guī)椭说淖龇ú⒉皇歉改赣H教的，屬于人類的本能。故A項正確。答案A微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考7The passage is mainly about_.Athe helping behaviors of young childrenBways to train childrens shared intentio
34、nalityCcooperation as a distinctive human natureDthe development of intelligence in children微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析主旨大意題。本文屬于科普說明文，作者從猩猩的自私行為導入到人類無私幫助他人的本能，分析了人類愿意幫助他人、愿意與他人合作的本能天性的原因。A、B、D都屬于文章的部分內(nèi)容，并非中心思想。故 C項正確。答案C微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考主旨大意題是高考閱讀理解中?？嫉念}型之一，主主旨大意題是高考閱讀
35、理解中常考的題型之一，主要考查考生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力，考查要考查考生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力，考查角度通常包括：角度通常包括：1.最佳標題；最佳標題；2.尋找文章話題；尋找文章話題；3.概括概括文章的中心思想；文章的中心思想；4.段落大意。段落大意。探考點探考點攻難點攻難點微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考【設(shè)問角度設(shè)問角度】1標題歸納類主旨大意題標題歸納類主旨大意題Which(one)What can/would/could be the best/ suitable title for the passage/text?Which
36、 of the following can be the best title for the passage?What can be a suitable title for the text?The suitable/best headline/title of this passage may be_.The title that best expresses the idea of the passage is_.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考2文章大意類主旨大意題Which of the following best states the t
37、heme of the passage?The main purpose of this article is to show that_.What is the main theme/topic/idea of this passage?The passage deals mainly with/is primarily concerned with/mainly describes_？微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考 The main/general idea of this passage is_. The passage mainly focus
38、es on_. The passage is mainly about_. Which of the following can best summarize this passage? Whats the subject discussed in this passage? What does this passage mainly deal with?微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考3段落大意類主旨大意題The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that_.What is the last p
39、aragraph chiefly concerned with?What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 3?Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph 1?What is the main idea of the first paragraph?What can be learned from Paragraph 5?微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考【選項特點選項特點】1最佳選項的特點最佳選項的特點(1)涵蓋性強，覆蓋全文或全段。例如第涵
40、蓋性強，覆蓋全文或全段。例如第7題中的題中的C項項C.cooperation as a distinctive human nature 概括了全概括了全文的主要內(nèi)容，前兩段描述了猩猩相互之間的不合作特文的主要內(nèi)容，前兩段描述了猩猩相互之間的不合作特點；第三段通過觀察和試驗，證明了人類從小的時候就點；第三段通過觀察和試驗，證明了人類從小的時候就具有合作性。故具有合作性。故C項是最佳答案。項是最佳答案。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考(2)確定的范圍恰當，既不太大，也不太小。確定的范圍恰當，既不太大，也不太小。(3)精確性強，能恰當?shù)乇磉_原文的主題的中心思
41、精確性強，能恰當?shù)乇磉_原文的主題的中心思想。例如第想。例如第4題中的選題中的選B.What It Means to Be Silent，其，其中的中的Means和和Silent是兩個反映主題的關(guān)鍵詞。與文章是兩個反映主題的關(guān)鍵詞。與文章的首句即主題句的首句即主題句“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”相符。相符。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考2干擾選項的特征(1)覆蓋面太大、太籠統(tǒng)，大大超出了短文的論述范圍。(2)覆蓋面偏窄，在內(nèi)容上只涉及短文的某一部分或若干要點；僅為短文的某一要點
42、甚至某一細節(jié)，即以偏概全。例如第7題中的選項A只是第三段的主要內(nèi)容；B項中的shared intentionality只是在最后一段中出現(xiàn)過，并不是主要內(nèi)容；D項中的intelligence只是在第四出現(xiàn)過，是本段的主要內(nèi)容。所以A、B和D項反映的是部分的信息，不是全文的主要信息。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考(3)與短文有部分交集，但偏離文章或段落主題，與短文有部分交集，但偏離文章或段落主題，有重疊但不重合。例如第有重疊但不重合。例如第4題中的選項題中的選項D.Speech Is Silver, Silence Is Gold意為意為“雄辯是銀，沉默
43、是金雄辯是銀，沉默是金”，這個諺語表明的沉默的重要性，與本文的主題思路這個諺語表明的沉默的重要性，與本文的主題思路“沉沉默在不同文化中的含義默在不同文化中的含義”有重疊，但不重合。側(cè)重點不有重疊，但不重合。側(cè)重點不同。本文主要講述了沉默在一些文化中是好的行為；可同。本文主要講述了沉默在一些文化中是好的行為；可在另外一些文化中，是不好的行為。在另外一些文化中，是不好的行為。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考【解題策略解題策略】主旨大意題主要的解題策略有：主旨大意題主要的解題策略有：(1)標題類。文章標題可以是單詞、短語，也可以標題類。文章標題可以是單詞、短語
44、，也可以是句子。它的特點是：短小精悍，多為一短語；涵蓋性是句子。它的特點是：短小精悍，多為一短語；涵蓋性強，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當，既不強，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當，既不能太大，也不能太??；精確性強，不能隨意改變語言表能太大，也不能太??；精確性強，不能隨意改變語言表意的程度及色彩。意的程度及色彩。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考(2)主旨類。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段主旨類。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯的主題句，就通過關(guān)開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯的主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括鍵詞句
45、來概括(如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文中尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特句，記敘文中尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞點的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，要務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。此外，要務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。此外，還要注意一些轉(zhuǎn)折詞，如：還要注意一些轉(zhuǎn)折詞，如：but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。當文章中表等。當文章中表示相反的觀點時，往往用到
46、這些詞。答題時要弄清哪個示相反的觀點時，往往用到這些詞。答題時要弄清哪個是作者的觀點，排除迷惑性的信息，準確歸納主旨大意是作者的觀點，排除迷惑性的信息，準確歸納主旨大意。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考(3)段落大意類。解答段落大意題的關(guān)鍵是抓住段段落大意類。解答段落大意題的關(guān)鍵是抓住段落的主題句。主題句往往出現(xiàn)在一段的段首或段尾，但落的主題句。主題句往往出現(xiàn)在一段的段首或段尾，但有時也出現(xiàn)在段落中。一般來講，找準主題句，概括和有時也出現(xiàn)在段落中。一般來講，找準主題句，概括和歸納段落的大意，將快速獲取的信息進行邏輯分析和整歸納段落的大意，將快速獲取的信息進行邏輯分析和整合就可以作出正確選擇。合就可以作出正確選擇。
導學教程高三英語二輪復習 第一部分 高考題型攻略篇 高考題型之二 閱讀理解 專題二 閱讀理解之主旨大意題課件
