中考英語總復習 語法專題10 非謂語動詞課件（含13年試題） 人教新目標版

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1、專題專題 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞專題專題 1010 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 點睛點睛 在句中充當除謂語以外的句子成分的動詞形式叫非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞有三種形式： 不定式、動名詞和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)。 考點直擊 1作主語。不定式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，通常用于it作形式主語的句型中。如：Its impossible for us to finish the work within 3 days. 對于我們來說，在三天之內(nèi)完成工作是不可能的。1不定式的用法專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 2作表語。不定式放在be動詞后面作表語。如： My work is to clean

2、the room every day. 我的工作是每天打掃房間。Our plan is to keep the affair secret.我們的計劃是讓這件事成為秘密。3作定語。不定式作定語時通常要放在被修飾的詞后，作后置定語。如：I have a lot of housework to do every day. 我每天都有許多家務(wù)活要做。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 注意 有些不及物動詞的不定式作定語時，不定式動詞后要加一個適當?shù)慕樵~。如：I have a room to live in.我有房間住。4作狀語，表明目的、原因等。如：I come here only to s

3、ay goodbye to you.我來這僅僅是向你告別。(目的狀語)5作賓語。能接不定式作賓語的動詞很多，常見的有want, like, wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start, forget, promise, mean, pretend, begin, decide, learn, agree, choose, expect等。另外，tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, forget等動詞常用一個帶連接代(副)詞

4、的不定式作賓語。如：專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 She considered how to answer the question. 她考慮如何回答這個問題。注意 在個別的介詞后可用“連接代(副)詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。如：Everyone has his own idea of how to do it. 如何做這件事每個人都有不同的看法。6作賓語補足語。不定式在使役動詞let, make, have和感官動詞see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后作賓語補足語要省略to。如：The teacher let us copy the new

5、 words ten times. 老師讓我們抄寫10遍生詞。He told me not to look down on the disabled.他告訴我不要瞧不起殘疾人。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 2動名詞的用法 1作主語。如：Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.過度地玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕难劬τ泻Α?作賓語。(1)常見的接動名詞的動詞或短語有consider, dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, give up, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pra

6、ctise, put off, suggest, cant help(情不自禁), cant stand(無法忍受)等。如：Jack enjoys listening to music.杰克喜歡聽音樂。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 (2)既可接動名詞作賓語，又可以接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞或短語有forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try等，但意義上有區(qū)別。如：I remember doing the exercise. 我記得做過練習。(已做)I must remember to do it. 我必須記著做這事。(還未做)I

7、tried not to go there. 我設(shè)法不去那里。I tried doing it again. 我試著又做了一次。Stop speaking. 不要講話。He stopped to talk. 他停下來講話。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 (3)look forward to, be used to, be busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)等動詞短語及about, of, for等介詞后也必須接動名詞形式。如：I look forward to he

8、aring from you soon. 我盼望早點收到你的來信。Im sorry for coming late. 對不起我來晚了。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 3作表語。如：My hobby is making all kinds of kites. 我的愛好是制作各種各樣的風箏。4作定語。如：There are three reading rooms in our school. 我們學校有三個閱覽室。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 3分詞的用法分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種。現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，說明動作正在進行；過去分詞表示被動，說明動作已經(jīng)完成。1作定語。單個

9、分詞作前置定語；分詞短語作后置定語。如：The building built last year was designed by my uncle. 那棟去年建造的大樓是我的叔叔設(shè)計的。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 2作表語。如：The film is interesting. Im interested in it. 這部電影很有趣。我對它感興趣。3作狀語。如：Laughing and talking, they went into the room. 他們有說有笑地走進了房間。4作賓語補足語。分詞作賓語補足語，通常位于感官動詞和使役動詞之后。如： Ill have my ha

10、ir cut. 我想把我的頭發(fā)理一下。 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 1Students should learn how_ problems. A. solve Bsolving Ccan solve Dto solve22013雅安雅安 Can you finish _these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can. A. to read Bread Creads Dreading32013內(nèi)江內(nèi)江 Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important.

11、” A. Learn BLearning CLearned DTo learningDD考點過關(guān) B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 42013十堰十堰 How kind you are! You always do what you can _ others. A. help Bhelping Chelps Dto help52013 黃岡黃岡 How is your grandma? Shes fine. She used to _ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _ out for a walk. A. watch

12、; go Bwatching; go Cwatching; going Dwatch; goingDD專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 1If price rises too high, the government has to do something _ it. Astop Bstopped Cstopping Dto stop 解析解析 動詞不定式在句中作目的狀語，說明采取措施的目的是阻止物價上漲。故選D。 D語法專練 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 2What time do you expect her_？ Aarrive Bis arriving Carri

13、ving Dto arrive 解析解析 expect sb to do sth意為“期望/期待某人做某事”，故選D。D專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 3This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me_， George? Awhat to work out Bto work it out Chow to work it out Dhow to work out it4Li Ming advised me _ too much. Anot to drink Bto drink Cnot drinking Dto not drin

14、k 解析解析 advise sb not to do sth 意為“建議某人不要做某事”。 AC專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 52012麗水麗水 Today people are encouraged to _paper, plastic and water for a better environment. AuseBwaste CrecycleDmake C 解析解析 encourage sb to do sth 意為“鼓勵某人做某事”，recycle意為“循環(huán)利用”。 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 62013杭州杭州 Shes not strong enoug

15、h _ walking up mountains. Ato go B. going Cgo D. went72013衢州衢州 Many children are left alone in the countryside. Lets try our best _ them. Ahelp B. helping Cto help D. helpsA C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 82013青島青島 Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you. Ahow to

16、 stop B. where to park Cwhere to stop D. when to park9Do you know why he left so early? _for the English test, I guess. ATo study BStudy CStudied DStudyingBA 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 10I often have hamburgers for lunch. Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food. Aeat Bto eat Ceating Date 解析

17、解析 it為形式主語，動詞不定式“to eat too much junk food”是真正的主語。 B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 11Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time _ what you like every day. Ado Bto do Cdoing Ddone 解析解析 動詞不定式短語“to do what you like every day”作目的狀語。 B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 12Go on _ the other exercise if you want t

18、o be healthier. Adoing Bto be doing Cto do Dwith 解析解析 根據(jù)句中的“the other exercise”可知此題考查短語go on to do sth 意為“繼續(xù)做(和前一件事不同)”。C132013濱州濱州 Would you like_ camping with me? Id like to. But Im busy _ my homework. Ato go; to do B. to go; doing Cgoing; to do D. going; doingB專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 14Why are you

19、so excited? Peter invited me_ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain. Ato go Bgo Cgoing Dwent 解析解析 invite sb to do sth意為“邀請某人做某事”，to do sth作賓語補足語。 A專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 15The most important thing I want to do is _ Afind a good job Bto find a good job Cfinding a good job Dfound a good job 解析解析 此題考查不定式作表語的用法。

20、B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 16It is wrong of you _ to the old impolitely. Ato speak Bspeak Cspeaking Dto speaking 解析解析 it作形式主語，不定式是真正的主語。 A172013舟山、嘉興舟山、嘉興 Im new here. Dont worry. Ill do what I can _ you. Ahelp B. to help Cinvite D. to inviteB專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 18The boy is often made_outside the cla

21、ssroom. Astand Bstands Cto stand Dstanding 解析解析 be made to do sth 意為“被迫做某事”，是固定搭配。 C19He is so poor that he has no house _ Ato live Bliving Cliving in Dto live in D專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 20The flowers need _ every day, or theyll die soon. Awater Bbeing watered Cwatering Dto water 解析解析 need doing 是主動形

22、式表示被動意義，相當于need to be done。 C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 212012福州福州 It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _again and again. Alaugh Bto laugh Claughing Dhelped 解析解析 cant help doing sth意為“情不自禁做某事”。 C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 22I prefer _ TV to _ books. Areading; watching Bseeing; watching Cwatching;

23、 looking Dwatching; reading 解析解析 prefer doing sth to doing sth意為“寧可做某事，而不愿做某事”。 D專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 23Well consider_a robot that can both work and think. Amaking Bto make Cmake Dmade 解析解析 consider doing sth 意為“考慮做某事”，是固定搭配。A專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 24My pen friend used to_Japanese, but now he is use

24、d to_Chinese. Aspeak; say Bsay; saying Cspeak; speaking Dsay; speak 解析解析 “used to 動詞原形”意為“過去常常做某事”；“be used to 動詞ing”意為“習慣做某事”，都是固定搭配。C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 252013黃石黃石 Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once. Awalk; telling B. entering; to speak Center; to tell D. walking;

25、talking262013安順安順 “Whos the boy in white Tshirt _ under the tree？” “My friend.” Astand B. to stand Cstood D. standingDD專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 272013呼和浩特呼和浩特 Tom，would you please_ the box? Its for your sister. Anot open B. dont open Cnot to open D. to not open28Do you feel like_or shall we go by bus?

26、I prefer to walk, but we must_a taxi, for its too late. Awalking; take Bto walk; to take Cwalking; to take Dto walk; takeAA 解析解析 feel like doing sth意為“想要做某事”，是固定搭配；must后加動詞原形。 專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 29You should make yourself _ by others. Aunderstand Bunderstanding Cunderstood Dto be understood 解析解析

27、此題考查過去分詞作賓語補足語。make yourself understood意為“使你自己被理解”。C302013吉林吉林 Would you mind _ the door? Its quite windy outside. AcloseB. closingCto close B專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 31I guess there must be someone_outside the house.Lets go out to see who it is. Aspeaks Bspeaking Cspoke Dto speak B 解析解析 there must be

28、sb doing sth 意為“肯定有某人正在做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞doing表示動作正在進行。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 32Our Chinese teacher came into the classroom， _a book under his arm. Acarries Bcarried Cto carry DcarryingD 解析解析 這里用動名詞表示伴隨。專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 33While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped _ and lay on the gro

29、und, so we all stopped _ what was wrong with him. Ato run; to see Brunning; seeing Crunning; to see Dto run; seeing 解析解析 stop doing sth意為“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth意為“停止原來做的事情去做另一件事情”。C專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 34. Dont forget _ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. Thanks. I wont. Abring Bto

30、bring Cbringing Dto take35You must get your room _ before you leave. Acleaned Bto clean Ccleaning Dto be cleaned 解析解析 get sth done意為“讓某事被做”。 BA專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 362013大慶大慶 Why do we eat vegetables every day, Mum? _ healthy, my dear. ATo keep B. Keep CKeeping D. Kept372013宿遷宿遷 Its dangerous _ a c

31、lose look at the tiger in the zoo. Afor us taking B. of us to take Cof us taking D. for us to takeAD專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 382013白銀白銀 _ honest is the first thing people should learn. ABeing B. Look CBe D. Become39The assistant wont let you _ the cinema if you havent a ticket. Aenter Bto enter Centering DenteredAA專題專題 10 10 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞 402012濱州濱州 My pen pal Andrew found it difficult _ Chinese well. Alearning Blearn Cto learn Dlearned 解析解析 it作形式賓語，不定式是真正的賓語。C