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1、專題七定語從句 一、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇如果定語從句中缺乏主語、賓語或表語則使用關(guān)系代詞who、whom、which或that引導定語從句；如果定語從句中缺乏狀語則使用關(guān)系副詞why、when或where引導定語從句。 用適當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞完成下列句子 1. Opposite is St.Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.(2015北京) 2The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their wo
2、rk.(2015天津) 3As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time_ he should be able to be independent.(2015陜西) 4The books on the desk, _covers are shiny，are prizes for us.(2015四川) 5. Among the many dangers_ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.(2014江西) 6Stud
3、ents should involve themselves in community activities_ they can gain experience for growth.(2014福建) 7He wrote a letter _he explained what had happened in the accident.(2013江西) 8The reason _ the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.【答案】1.where 2.where 3.when4.whose 5.that/w
4、hich6.where7.where8.why 二、 關(guān)系代詞that 與which 的區(qū)別分類規(guī)則只用that，不用which的情況1.先行詞是all, somebody, everything, anywhere, nothing, little, much, few等不定代詞時；2先行詞被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等詞修飾時；3先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞時； 分類規(guī)則只用that，不用which的情況4先行詞被the only, the very(正是，恰是)，the last修飾時；5先行詞中既有人也有物時；
5、6在which或who的特殊疑問句中含有定語從句時只用which，不用that的情況1.在非限制性定語從句中指物時；2在“介詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中且先行詞指物時。 用that或which完成下列句子 1China Today attracts a worldwide readership, _ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(2015福建) 2I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my
6、classmates recommended to me.(2014北京) 3Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.(2014陜西) 4I will tell you everything _I have known about the accident.【答案】1.which2.which3.that4.that 三、關(guān)系代詞who 與whom 的區(qū)別分類規(guī)則只用who不用whom的情況當先行詞是one, ones, anyone, all, those等指人時只用
7、whom不用who的情況在“介詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，且先行詞指人時 用關(guān)系代詞who或whom完成下列句子 1Happiness and success often come to those _are good at recognizing their own strengths.(2013湖南) 2John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _are family members.(2013重慶)【答案】1.who2.whom 四、關(guān)系代詞as與which的區(qū)別as 1.as作關(guān)系代詞時，用來引導非限制性定語從句，意為“正如，正像
8、”，as引導的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。2as常用在下列習慣用語中：as (it) often happens, as I remember, as is often the case(通常就是這樣), as is expected, as is known to us, as is shown等。 as 3“such/soas”意為“像這樣”，用來引導定語從句，as在從句中可充當主語、賓語或表語等which which引導定語從句代指前面整句話內(nèi)容時，則只能位于句末 用關(guān)系代詞as或which完成下列句子。 1The number of smokers, _ is reported, ha
9、s dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015江蘇) 2Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.(2014四川) 3Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.(2013安徽) 4_is often the case with ch
10、ildren, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.(2013陜西)【答案】1.as2.which3.which4.As 五、在“介詞關(guān)系代詞”中介詞的選擇 1根據(jù)動詞與介詞的搭配。 Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted. 2根據(jù)形容詞與介詞的搭配。 The boy to whom I want to be grateful is John. 3根據(jù)從句的意義來確定介詞。 I wish to thank Professor Smith,
11、without whose help I would never have got this far. 4表示“整體和部分關(guān)系”時，介詞常用of。 (1)在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代詞或數(shù)詞的前、后可以用of which/whom。 (2)the比較級或最高級前、后用of which/whom等。 根據(jù)句意，用適當?shù)慕樵~填空 1. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill _which school education de
12、pends.(2015安徽) 2. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most _ whom are family members.(2013重慶) 3There is a hole in the wall _which you can see what is happening outside. 4The local villagers take an active part in developing tourism, _which they can make a huge profit. 5Great changes have ta
13、ken place in our hometown _which we are all proud.【答案】1.on/upon2.of3.through4.from5.of 六、way和time后接定語從句的情況 1在定語從句中，the way在從句中充當方式狀語時，其后的關(guān)系詞可以是in which, that或省略；但是當它在從句中充當主語、賓語等成分時，其后的關(guān)系詞就用that或which。 2先行詞 time作“次數(shù)”講時，應用關(guān)系代詞that引導定語從句，that可省略； 當先行詞 time作“一段時間；時代”講且作狀語時，應用關(guān)系副詞when或“at/duringwhich”引導定
14、語從句。 There was a time when/during which each teacher spent an hour, one day a week, testing pupils in every subject.曾經(jīng)，每個老師每周都有一天花費一小時對學生的每門功課進行測試。 根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成下面的句子 1I dont like the way _(你和你母親說話)【答案】that/in which you speak to your mother 2I think that the way _(你昨天使用的) was effective.【答案】that/which you used yesterday 3This was the second time _ (我看這部電影)【答案】that I had seen the film
高考英語一輪復習 第二部分 核心語法項項破 專題7 定語從句課件
