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1、8 B Unit 1 Past and presentGrammar Present perfect tense(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))Learning aims:1.了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的概念2.掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本句子的結(jié)構(gòu)3.識(shí)記過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則 1.I have lived here since I was born.自從我出生以來(lái)我就一直住在這里。2.Eddie has eaten my food.埃迪吃了我的食物。過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響3.I have
2、 already read this book many times.我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這本書(shū)很多次了。某個(gè)動(dòng)作迄今為止發(fā)生過(guò)多少次某個(gè)動(dòng)作迄今為止發(fā)生過(guò)多少次一一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),或已經(jīng)完成但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有一定作或狀態(tài),或已經(jīng)完成但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有一定的影響的動(dòng)作。的影響的動(dòng)作。二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)(1 1)基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)基本句子結(jié)構(gòu):I/We/You/They+have +done+其它。其它。He/She/It+has+done+其它。其它。e.g.They _ their homework.(
3、finish)He _his homework.(finish)have finishedhas finished助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞 1.I have lived here since I was born2.Eddie has eaten my food.3.I have already read this book many times.主語(yǔ)+have/has +V過(guò)去分詞三、三、過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則(A)(A)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞規(guī)則動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化與動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的規(guī)則變化與動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去過(guò)去式式的規(guī)則變化相同。四點(diǎn)變化規(guī)則:的規(guī)則變化相同。四點(diǎn)變化規(guī)則:(1)大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞
4、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞,在詞尾直接加,在詞尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited(2)、以不發(fā)聲音、以不發(fā)聲音“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,只在詞尾加結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,只在詞尾加“d”。live-lived-lived,(3)、以、以“輔音字母輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,將結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,將“y”變?yōu)樽優(yōu)椤癷”,再加,再加“ed”。study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,末尾只有一個(gè)一個(gè)輔音字母,先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母,輔音字母,先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母,再加再加“ed”。stop-stopped-s
5、topped,drop-dropped-dropped(B)(B)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞原形過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞dodiddoneeatateeatengowentgonefindfound foundseesawseenforget forgot forgottenbuyboughtboughtcome came comeputputputcutcutcutbuild builtbuiltwritewrote written(Page122)其他的你只能參考課本其他的你只能參考課本P122-123P122-123,慢慢你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其中的規(guī)律咯!慢慢你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其中
6、的規(guī)律咯!Exercises 1.borrow _ 2.hope_ 3.make_ 4.get_ 5.plan_ 6.cry_ 7.send_ 8.watch_ 9.say_ 10.grow_ 11.hit_ 12.enjoy_(2 2)否定句)否定句主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+have/has+not +V過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞e.g.They _(not finish)their homework yet(還未)還未).He _ (not finish)his homework yet.havent finishedhasnt finishedhas not =hasnt have not=havent (3)(
7、3)一般疑問(wèn)句及回答一般疑問(wèn)句及回答eg.I have finished my homework.-Have you finished your homework?-Yes,I have.-No,I havent.She has seen the film three times.-Has she seen the film three times?-Yes,she has.-No,she hasnt.e.g._you _the film?(watch)Yes,I _._your father _the film?(watch)No,he _.Have watched haveHas watc
8、hed hasnt (4)(4)特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+have/has+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+done+done+其它其它?e.g.The girl has learned English for 6 years.I have eaten two apples for breakfast.How long has the girl learned English?What have you eaten for breakfast?Exercises I ve just eaten the food.一般疑問(wèn)句:肯定回答:否定回答:They have lived in
9、Shanghai for 3years.(對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))How long have they lived in Shanghai?Yes,I have.No,I havent Have you just eaten the food?當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成下列句子。1.They_ (finish)their homework already.2.John _never_ (visit)China.3.Mr Li _(repair)over ten bicycles since Monday.4.We _ (not see)each other for years.5.My parents
10、_ (not come)here yet.have finished has visited has repaired havent seenhavent comeHomework 1.完成課本P14練習(xí)。2.識(shí)記課本P122動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則變化左半欄?,F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1.1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能可能會(huì)繼續(xù)下去。會(huì)繼續(xù)下去??梢院捅硎狙永m(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用??梢院捅硎狙永m(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如如forfor、since since 等引導(dǎo)的等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。(注意:句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用(注意:句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
11、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)2.2.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響。(漢語(yǔ)中常用漢語(yǔ)中常用“已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”、“過(guò)過(guò)”、“了了”等表達(dá)等表達(dá))通常與表示包括通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞just(just(句中)句中),already(already(句中,句末)句中,句末),before(before(句末)句末),yet,yet(句末)(句末),never,never(句中)(句中),ever,ever(句(句中)中),recently(,recently(句末句末)等狀語(yǔ)連用。例如:等狀語(yǔ)連用。例如:1.Eddie has just eate
12、n my food.(Eddie已經(jīng)吃了我的食物。)已經(jīng)吃了我的食物。)2.I have never heard of that before.(我以前從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)那件事)(我以前從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)那件事)3.Have you ever ridden a horse?(你曾經(jīng)騎過(guò)馬嗎?)(你曾經(jīng)騎過(guò)馬嗎?)4.She has already finished the work.(她早已經(jīng)完成這個(gè)工作了。)(她早已經(jīng)完成這個(gè)工作了。)5.We havent finished our homework yet.(我們還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)呢。我們還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)呢。)3.表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)的表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)的次數(shù)。次數(shù)。你看過(guò)這本電影幾次了?How many times have you seen this film?今天上午我已經(jīng)見(jiàn)過(guò)他兩次了。I have met him twice this morning.Homework:1.朗讀課本對(duì)話(huà)。2.背誦不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。3 隨堂.