Module 1《British and American English》grammar課件2（17張PPT）（外研版必修5）

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1.wear off 逐漸減弱, 消失, 磨損, 耗損2.in favor of贊同, 支持 3.attempt todo sth. 試圖做…4.fill up with…… 用…填補(bǔ), 裝滿 5.排隊(duì)queue up/ stand in line 插隊(duì) jump the line 6.at the flick of a switch:輕輕一按電源 7.Be obvious to sb/sth. 對(duì)sb來說很清楚It is obvious that很顯然 8.Omit (vt)省略；遺漏omission (n) Omit to do \ doing sth.忽略做謀事 9.Be similar to…與…相似(in) Similarly, 同樣地… The same as…./ be different from…在…的另一邊:on the other side of 10.(sth) be familiar to sb.．．．為某人所熟悉(sb) be familiar with sth. 某人熟悉 11. Make an announcement.宣布一件事 have an announcement to make 12.on the air 在廣播中13讓路:make way 14擋路,礙事:Be in the way /in one’s way,15“In …way””在某方面,用…方式” 16用你自己的方式in your own way after all畢竟 so that以便;因此，所以instead of代替, 而不是17.be divided by sb into :被分成…… 這個(gè)蛋糕被媽媽分成了4部分.The cake was divided by my mother into 4 parts 18Not more than 不超過,不多于.表示事實(shí) No more than:“僅僅,只”,表感情色彩,表示少 教室里不超過5個(gè)學(xué)生。There are not more than 5students in the classroom. 公園里只有5個(gè)人。There are no more than 5people in the park. 19.Dimension:1)長,寬,高,厚度;問題或題目的方面,部分2)(復(fù)數(shù))面積,容積,大小 a.長是一種度量,寬是另一種度量 length is one dimension,and width is another. b.事情還有另一方面.There is another dimention to this problems. c.房間有多大?what are the dimentions of the room? 線是一度空間,平面是兩度空間.A line has one dimension and a square has two. 這個(gè)語音實(shí)驗(yàn)室的容積是多少?What are the dimensions of this language laboratory?,1.have a little(some/great/no) difficulty in doing sth做某事有點(diǎn)/些/很大/沒有困難 做某事有困難:have trouble in doing sth 做某事沒有困難:There is no difficulty in doing sth have difficulty( trouble ,problems, a hard time) in doing sth 2.It is +adj.+to do sth:”做某事是……”, It is difficult to do the job. 3.make sb (sth )do 讓sb做sth make sth done sth被做了 make sb/ sth +n. 使sb成為n make him montor make it a success make sb/ sth +adj(+to do sth) makes it possible for you to learn English better.make sb/sth +介詞短語 make him in the classroom 讓他呆在教4.have (nothing, a lot ) in common 有相同點(diǎn)In common共同, 共有 In common with… 與…相同Out of common 非同尋常 5.make a difference有影響，使不相同Tell the difference.辨別不同 Make some (no, much, much of a) difference to sb/ Sth.對(duì)某人/某物有作用\影響Eg. It makes no difference whether he is rich or not.,6.As a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of Independence.當(dāng)他年輕的時(shí)候，他參加了美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭同英國人作戰(zhàn)。 Fight against“同…戰(zhàn)斗”Fight with :同…戰(zhàn)斗;與…并肩作戰(zhàn) Fight for為(得到)…而戰(zhàn)為自由而戰(zhàn). fight for their freedom 擠過Fight one’s way through : 擠過人群同…說話fight one,s way through the crowed to talk to sb. 7.Everything is going on well.一切都進(jìn)展良好。 1.)進(jìn)展;2.)發(fā)生;3.)繼續(xù);4.)(時(shí)間)過去/消失;5.)(燈)亮;6.)用…做證據(jù) 1.)工程進(jìn)展如何?How does the project go on ? 2.)那里發(fā)生了什么?What’s going on there 3.) 假如你像這樣繼續(xù)下去,.If you go on like this ,. 4)讓我們繼續(xù).Let’s go on . 5)時(shí)間飛逝. Time goes on very quickly. 6)燈亮著The lights are going on . 7)我們正用你說的話作為證據(jù).We were just going on what you had said.,筆記： 1.1)Suggest+sth/doing sth 2)做“建議”講時(shí), 用虛擬語氣. 即：主語+ suggest+that+(should)+do sth 3)做 “表明,暗示”講時(shí), 不用虛擬語氣. 2.except:除了…外(不包括); besides:除了…外,還有…; except for :整體中除去細(xì)節(jié); except that/when+從句 But: no /nothing/nobody/nowhere/not anything /who+but. Except:除與上述詞連用外,還多與不定代詞everything /everybody/everyone/always/usually/”every+n”連用 3.1)prefer sth;2) prefer to do sth; 3)prefer doing 4)Prefer sth to sth; 5)prefer doing to doing 比起(干)…更喜歡(干) 6)Prefer to do rather than do :寧愿干某事(前者)而不愿干某事(后者),British English American English ground floor first floor 第一層 Underground subway 地鐵 Motorway freeway 高速路 Pavement sidewalk 人行道 Queue up stand in line 排隊(duì) Lorry truck 卡車 Cars automobiles汽車 Taxi cab 出租車 Petrol gas 汽油 Lift elevator 電梯 Flat apartment 公寓 Rubbish garbage 垃圾 Holiday vacation 假期 Autumn fall 秋天,British English American English Chips French fries薯?xiàng)l Crisps chips薯片 Mum mom Programme program Theatre theater Realise realize Write to me write me Have you got do you have In the team on the team At the weekend on the weekend My friend has my friend just arrived just arrived,1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (1). 表示事物特性，常用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng) 1.The book sells well. The nylon dries easily. 2. The water feels cool. The paper tears easily. 3,This kind of cloth lasts very long. 4,--- do you like the material? --- Yes, it feels very soft. (2) 在表示按規(guī)定預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作．用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作．（學(xué)校，火車，飛機(jī)）(start,finish,stop,open,close) (return,arrive,reach) 1,The plane takes off at 16:00 this afternoon. 2, The school begins on September 1st. 3, The train leaves at 15:05 this afternoon. (3). 在時(shí)間（as soon as ） 和條件（if ，unless, until, as long as）狀語從句中. 常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作． 1. --- When will you come to see me, dad? --- I will go to see you when you finish the training course. 2.I will telephone you as soon as I get there. 3.Come and see me when you re convenient.,2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) (1). 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來時(shí),（動(dòng)詞與上頁同） 1.-- So how long have you been here? -- Just a couple of days actually. I’m on a big journey, you know. I am visiting all the places of interest here. 2. ---I’m going to the States? ---How long are you staying in the States? 3. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I am taking my mum. 4. Because the shop is closing down, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices. (2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always等詞連用時(shí)帶有強(qiáng)烈感情色彩． 1.She is always bad-mouthing others. 2.He is always thinking of others. 3.He is always thinking of how he can do more for the people.,3.一般將來時(shí) (1)will 純粹的將來和臨時(shí)的決定 --Did you tell Julia about the result? -- Oh, no, I forgot. I will call her now. (2) Be going to do （主觀）計(jì)劃打算；有征兆顯示的將來，或條件句中表將來． 1)--Look at the expression of the baby. -- He is going to cry. 2) It is going to be a fine day tomorrow. 3)I feel terrible. I am going to be sick. (3) be about to do 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作．不跟時(shí)間狀語連用． The party was about to begin, when the earthquake took place (4)be to do計(jì)劃，約定；責(zé)任，義務(wù)（客觀）或條件句中表將來． The meeting is to take place tomorrow. 4.現(xiàn)在完成式常用句型 1. It / This +is＋第幾次+ that 從句(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)). 1)This is the first time that I has made such a mistake. 2)This was the first time that I had been to the country. 2.在時(shí)間條件句中表將來，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作有先后，有時(shí)相當(dāng)于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) Don′t get off the bus until it has stopped,1,This kind of cloth ____ very long. A. lasts B. can be lasted C. could last D. will be lasted 2,--- do you like the material? --- Yes, it ____ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt He will simply keep on asking her until she _____. will do. B. does. C. had done D. would do. 3.-- So how long have you been here? -- Just a couple of days actually. I’m on a big journey, you know. I ___ all the places of interest here. A.am visiting B. visited C. have visited D. will have visited. 4.Come and see me when ____. A.you re convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you --Look at the expression of the baby. -- He ___ cry. A. be going to B. will C. has D. is going to --- How are you today ?--- Oh, I ____ as ill as I do today for a very long time. A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt,1.It is spoken by more than a billion people –one fifth of the world’s population .世界人口的五分之一——十億多人說漢語。 More than “多于”， “不僅僅” 竹子不僅僅用來搞建筑。 Bamboo is used for more than building. 2.Combinations of letters (like ough)may be pronounced in a number of ways.字母的結(jié)合,像ough,可能以許多種方式被發(fā)音. Combinations:名詞,聯(lián)合,結(jié)合; in combination with 與…聯(lián)合在一起 combine ;combine …with…:使…與…結(jié)合;同時(shí)具有 3.For Americans things are a little bit easier,thanks to the work of Noah Webster.對(duì)于美國人來說，事情變得稍微容易一點(diǎn)，多虧了Noah Webster的工作。 a little bit 修飾比較級(jí)easier，修飾比較級(jí)的詞和短語有：much,any,rather,no,not,far,by far,a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal等。 他比以前胖多了。 He is much fatter than before.,4.自從20世紀(jì)80年代以來,隨著衛(wèi)星電視和因特網(wǎng)的使用,非常便捷地聽到英式英語和美式英語已經(jīng)成為可能. Since the 1980s,with satellite TV and the Internet,it has been possible to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch. 5.專家們認(rèn)為,這種不間斷的交流使英國人和美國人更容易互相理解 This non-stop communication,the expert think ,has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other. 6.這種國際化的廣泛使用表明,將來會(huì)有許多種英語,而不僅僅是兩種. This international dimension suggests that in the future ,there are going to be many “Englishes”,not just two main varieties. 7.但這導(dǎo)致了大量的美語單詞和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)入了英國英語. But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English.,8.介詞的用法也可能存在差異,對(duì)比一下詞組: on the team. in the team on the weekend,at the weekend . Preposition ,too,can be different:compare on the team.on the weekend(American),with in the team ,at the weekend (British) 9.在兩種英語中另外兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域的區(qū)別是拼寫和發(fā)音. The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. 10.畢竟,兩個(gè)國家各自內(nèi)部的差異和兩國之間的語音差異可能是一樣多的. After all,there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them. 11.一個(gè)倫敦人要聽懂來自格拉斯哥的蘇格蘭人的話比理解一個(gè)紐約人的話更困難. . A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.,1)Suggest+sth/doing sth 2)做“建議”講時(shí), 用虛擬語氣. 主語+ suggest+that+(should)+do sth 3)做 “表明,暗示”講時(shí), 不用虛擬語氣. 1.他向老板建議另一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃. He suggested another plan to his boss. 2.我可以建議大家步行去那兒嗎? May I suggest going there on foot? 3.他建議我們至少每天進(jìn)行半小時(shí)的戶外活動(dòng). He suggested that we should walk out for half an hour at least every day. 4.他蒼白的臉表明他病了. His pale face suggested that he was ill.,1.except:除了…外(不包括); besides:除了…外,還有…; except for :整體中除去細(xì)節(jié); except that/when+從句 but:習(xí)慣上只用于no /nothing/nobody/nowhere/not anything /who等詞后. Except:除與上述詞連用外,還多與不定代詞everything /everybody/everyone/always/usually/”every+n”連用 1.)你除了努力工作別無選擇. You have no choice but to work hard. 2.)除了杰克外,還有三個(gè)學(xué)生遲到了. Three more students were late besides Jack. 3.)除了下雨時(shí)以外,他一般步行上學(xué). He usually walks to school except when it rains. 4.)這件衣服很適合(fit)他,除了顏色有點(diǎn)亮. The coat fitted him well except that the color was a little brighter 5.)除幾處拼寫錯(cuò)誤外,他的作文(composition)是好的. His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 1.我除了知道他來自德國外,對(duì)其他情況一無所知. 1.I know nothing about him except that he is from Germany.,2.1)prefer sth;2) prefer to do sth; 3)prefer doing 4)Prefer sth to sth; 5)prefer doing to doing 比起(干)…更喜歡(干)… 6)Prefer to do rather than do :寧愿干某事(前者)而不愿干某事(后者) 1.)你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎? 我寧愿吃點(diǎn)什么. Would you like some drink? I prefer something to eat. 2.)我寧愿去爬山。 I prefer to climb the mountain. 3.)他寧愿整天呆在家里。 He prefers staying at home all day. 4.)我寧愿要那小的而不愿要那個(gè)大的。 I prefer the smaller one to the bigger one . 5.)他寧愿在家看電視也不愿意看音樂會(huì)。 He preferred watching TV at home to going to the concert. 6.)我寧愿給她寫信也不愿意給她打電話。 I prefer to write to her rather than telephone her.,2翻譯： m2 學(xué)案最后 1. This work demands care and patience. 2. He demanded that one of you should go there. 3. He demanded to be sent to the front at once. 4. I am suffering from a bad cold. 5. They suffered great loss in the earthquake 6. You’ve been in prison six times according to our records. 7. According to weather report it’s going to snow this afternoon. 8. Everything went according to the plan.,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,