2020屆高中英語 5年高考3年模擬 專題01 冠詞（浙江專版）

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1、2020屆英語科5年高考3年模擬[浙江專版] 專題01 冠詞 【備考策略】 冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an），定冠詞（the），和零冠詞。 一、不定冠詞的用法 1.指一類人或事，相當(dāng)于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有個男孩在等你。 3.表示“每一”相當(dāng)于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4.表示“相同”相當(dāng)于the same We are nearly of an age. 5.用于人名前

2、，表示不認(rèn)識此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事 —Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷鋒） 6.用于固定詞組中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7.用于quite, r

3、ather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容詞之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 9.用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前 success(抽象名詞)→a success(具體化) 成功的人或事 a failure 失敗的人或事 a shame 帶來恥辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遺憾的事 a must 必需必備的東西 a good knowledge of 精通掌握

4、某一方面的知識 10.與序數(shù)詞連用，表示“又一，再一”。 In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 為了找到一個更好的工作，他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門外語。 二、定冠詞的用法 1.表示某一類人或物 In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the

5、 2.用于世上獨一無二的事物名詞前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3.表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4.用于演奏樂器 play the violin, play the guitar 5.用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人 the reach, the living, the wounded 6.表示“一家人”或“夫婦”（對比上文的不定冠詞用法5） —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please

6、? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 7.用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級前 He is the taller of the two children. 8.用于國家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島的名詞前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9.用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前 The compass was

7、 invented in China. 10.在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個年代 in the 1990’s(二十世紀(jì)九十年代) 11.用于表示度量單位的名詞前 I hired the car by the hour. 12.用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞 He patted me on the shoulder. 13.與比較級和最高級連用 ①比較級+ and +比較級表示“越來越……” The harder he works, the happier he feels. ②表示兩者間“較……的一個”比較級前加the。 Who is the older of the t

8、ow boys? ③三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時，用“the + 最高級”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。 Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three. 三、零冠詞（即不用冠詞）的情況 1.專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2.名詞前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this

9、? 3.季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4.表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前 Lincoln was made President of America. 5.表示球類，棋類等運動的名詞前 He likes playing football/chess. 6.與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前 We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent. A. the; the

10、 B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填 7.以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 8.表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前 Horses are useful animals. 四、冠詞的位置 冠詞一般放在名詞之前，名詞之前若有形容詞，冠詞放在形容詞之前。下列情況例外： 1.不定冠詞用于下列副詞加形容詞之后：as, how, however, so, too等。 如：He is as good a soldier as he was.他和以前一樣是個好士兵。

11、 2.不定冠詞置于such, what, many, not, too,much of等之后。 如：Many a little pickle makes a nickel.積少成多。 3.定冠詞通常放在all, both, double, exactly, just等詞之后。 如：I offered him double the amount，but he still refused. 4.不定冠詞常用于quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容詞修飾時，不定冠詞既可放在第二位，也可放在第一位，但最常見的仍是第二位。 如：She is quite a woman.她真是個女

12、人。 It was quite/rather a cold day.很冷的一天(同 It was a quite/rather cold day.) 5.當(dāng)名詞前的比較級被no，all，far，much等修飾時，也要后置。 如：He is no less a man than the President. 6.定冠詞要放在half, twice, much等之后。 如：He paid twice the price for it. 他花了兩倍的錢買了它。 7.如果名詞被副詞hardly，scarcely，barely，exactly所修飾，或和一個形容詞共同修飾時，冠詞要放

13、在上述副詞之后、形容詞之前。如：This is hardly a right thing to do. 這幾乎是不能做的事。 冠詞是歷年高考的?？键c。主要考查冠詞在具體語境中的運用，考查內(nèi)容包括定冠詞和不定冠詞的用法區(qū)別，名詞前不用冠詞的情況，特指與泛指以及習(xí)語中的冠詞用法。 考點解析 考點1 考查不定冠詞a/an表示個別或泛指的用法 ①How about taking_____short break? I want to make_____call. A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a;

14、 a 【解析】 答案為D。take a short break“休息一會兒”， make a call“打一個電話”。 ②Christmas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together. A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 【解析】 答案為D。a special holiday指“某一個特別的節(jié)日”；the whole family為特指。 考點2 考查定冠詞the特指某一個人或事物的用法

15、①I looked under_____bed and found books I lost last week. A. the; a B. the；the C. 不填；the D. the; 不填 【解析】 答案為B。此題中的the bed和the books都為特指。the bed 指“所看的床”；the books指“所丟的書”。 ②I like_____color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a

16、 D. the; the 【解析】 答案為C。 the color指“你襯衫的顏色”；a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一種好顏色”。 考點3 考查不定冠詞及零冠詞的習(xí)慣搭配 ①George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church. A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a 【解析】

17、答案為C。a Sunday泛指某一個星期天；at church為固定搭配，不用冠詞，意為“在做禮拜”。 ②Many people have come to realize that they should go on_____balanced diet and makeroom in their day for exercise. A. a; / B. the; a C. the; the D. /; a 【解析】 答案為A。a balanced diet泛指“一種平衡的飲食”；make room為固定搭配，意為“騰出空間”。

18、 考點4 考查不定冠詞在具體化的抽象名詞前的用法 ①Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise. A.a;不填 B.the; a C.the; the D.不填; a 【解析】答案為A。分析句子可知，第一個空用“a”表示“一種”，某些不可數(shù)的抽象名詞前用不定冠詞表示某種具體的情況或概念。第二個空不用冠詞，make room意為“騰出空

19、間（時間）”為固定短語。 ②—How about _____Christmas evening party? —I should say it was _____success. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填 考點5 考查在名詞前用不用冠詞意義的不同 ①We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent. A. the; the B.

20、不填;the C. the; 不填 D.不填;不填 【解析】答案為B。 by sea意為“經(jīng)海路”；by the sea意為“在海邊”；表示大陸、大洋等的名詞前通常要加定冠詞。 ②George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church. A./; the B. the; / C. a; / D./; a 【解析】

21、答案為C。不定冠詞用于表示星期的名詞前，泛指“某個星期幾”；at church表示“做禮拜”， at the church表示“在教堂”。故本題選C。 類似的詞組： by day在白天 by the day按天計算 in case of以防 in the case of就……來說 in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，管理 in the charge of由……負(fù)責(zé) in office執(zhí)政 in the office在辦公室 in sight(of)看見

22、 in the sight(of)在……看來 go to sea去當(dāng)水手 go to the sea到海邊去 out of question毫無疑問 out of the question不可能 take advice征求意見 take the advice聽從勸告 be of age成年 be of all age同齡 go to church去做禮拜 go to the church去教堂 in prison坐牢

23、 in the prison在監(jiān)獄 特別提示：當(dāng)?shù)攸c名詞表示地點時，其前用定冠詞；表示在這一地點所發(fā)生的活動時，其前不加冠詞。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed.他睡覺前到床邊給我拿了本雜志。 五年高考 A組 2020年全國高考題組 1.【2020浙江卷】. The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, fr

24、om stone tools to modern technology. A. 不填, the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a 1.【答案】C 【解析】第一空process是可數(shù)名詞，第一次出現(xiàn)一般用不定冠詞，且此次表示“一個”的概念；第二空existence是不可數(shù)名詞，其此處表示抽象概念，故用零冠詞。 2.【2020全國II】He missed ______ gold in the high jump, but will get _____ second chance in the long jump. A. the; the B. /; a C.

25、 the; a D. a; / 【答案】C 【解析】此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”，故用定冠詞the；第二空意為：再得到一次機會，泛指“一次機會”。句意：他在跳高中失去了金牌，但他在跳遠(yuǎn)中將得到一次機會。 3. 【2020安徽卷 21】. Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day. A. / ； a B. / ；the C. the ; a D.

26、the ; the 【答案】A 【解析】本題考查冠詞，science是不可數(shù)名詞，用the表示特指是不可能的，后面的factory是一個可數(shù)名詞，用a 表示泛指。 4.【2020遼寧卷 21 】. I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone. A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an 【答案】C 【解析】第一空表示泛指；第二空為固定用法，用定冠詞the，故選C項 5.【2020山東

27、卷】29. Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填；a 【答案】B 【解析】此處考查抽象名詞具體化。第一空中的a drink意為：一杯飲料；第二空中的a comfort意為：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艱難的歲月里，能買得起一杯飲料是一種莫大的安慰。 6.【2020重慶卷24】.Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the

28、 engineering department to take ____ place of George. A. /,/ B. the,/ C the the D./, the 6. 【答案】D 【解析】句意：Sam被任命為工程部經(jīng)理取代了George。表示官銜職務(wù)的名詞作補語和同位語時，前不加冠詞。在題干中，“manager”表示職務(wù)，作主語補足語，不需要加冠詞，而第二個空白處為固定短語“take the place of”，是“代替，取代”之意。因此，正確答案為D選項。 【知識拓展】不使用冠詞的情況：在節(jié)日名稱、星期、月份、季節(jié)

29、前；一日三餐、球類棋類等運動的名稱前；系動詞turn（變成）后的單數(shù)名詞作表語用零冠詞；人名、地名、機構(gòu)等專有名詞前；與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前；以and連接的兩個相對的名詞連用時；名詞前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等詞作定語；復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時；在某些 7.【2020江西卷 21】The Smiths don’t usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea. A．/;

30、a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a 7.答案：C　　考點：考察冠詞 解析：hotel為復(fù)數(shù)，前不會用定冠詞the來修飾；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠詞 8. 【2020全國新課程22. 】Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction. A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a B組 2020年全國高考題組 1. 【2020浙江卷,2】Experts think that __________recently di

31、scovered painting may be ________ Picsso. A.the ;不填 B. a ;the C. a ; 不填 D. the; a 【答案】D 【考點】考查冠詞在語境中的用法。 【解析】句意為“專家認(rèn)為，最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的油畫可能是畢加索的作品?！眛he painting特指最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的油畫；a Picsso意為a Picsso’s painting，指畢加索的一件作品，有one的含義。因此選D。 2. （2020全國卷,33）It is generally accepted that boy must le

32、arn to stand up and fight like man. A.a; a B.a; the C.the; the D.a; 不填 【答案】A 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】句意為“人們普遍認(rèn)為,男孩子必須學(xué)會做一個男子漢，能挺身而出，勇于戰(zhàn)斗?！盿 boy和 a man都是泛指，表示一類人。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞泛指應(yīng)在名詞前加不定冠詞a。因此選A。 3.（2020全國卷II,16）As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight. A. th

33、e;不填 B. a; the C.不填a D. the; a 【答案】D 【考點】考查冠詞在具體語境中的用法。 【解析】句意為“當(dāng)Jack走到前門時，看到了一個奇怪的景象?！眛he front door是特指Jack所走過去的門，a strange sight是泛指，相當(dāng)于a certain sight,起初次介紹的作用。因此選D。 3.（2020山東卷,21）Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant. A.不填；the B. a

34、; the C. the; a D.不填；a 【答案】B 【考點】考查冠詞在具體語境中的用法。 【解析】句意為“別急—從這兒到餐館只不過短短的距離而已。”a short distance短距離，是固定搭配的短語；the restaurant指雙方都知道的餐館，故用the特指。選B。 4.【2020四川卷,18】Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.” A. 不

35、填；A B.不填；The C.the; The D.a; A 【答案】A 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】句意為“校長Peter Spence告訴我們說，我校的五分 5.（10浙江）Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up weakening of the human body. A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; / 【答案】B 【考點】本題考

36、查冠詞。 【解析】句意：許多生活方式對人類的健康有害, 他們加速了人類身體的衰退。本題考查冠詞, 對……有害用短語 “do harm to”表示, 中間無需冠詞；之后的weakening是由動詞的ing形式表示抽象的名詞, 表達(dá)一種概念、狀況時需要加上the。 6.(10山東)f we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view. A. 不填； the B. 不填；a C. the; a D. the；the 【答案】C 【考點】本題考查冠詞在具體語境中的使用。

37、 【解析】句意應(yīng)為 “如果我們坐在公共汽車的前部, 就會有更好的視野”表示 “某空間內(nèi)部的前部”時, front前要加定冠詞the; have a good view是習(xí)慣搭配, 表示 “視野開闊, 視野良好”之意；所以C項符合語境。 7.(10江蘇)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu. A.不填； a B. 不填；the C. the； a D.

38、the； the 【答案】A. 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】第一空,來自社會各階層的人. 是不特指,不用冠詞. 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容詞new 因此,應(yīng)加冠詞a.表示一個全新的江蘇 8.(09浙江)I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan. A. the; a B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the 【答案】D 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】前空構(gòu)成短語get a+a

39、dj+idea of sth, 泛指一種大體的想法, 后空指雙方都知道的那個project計劃。 9.(09四川)In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study ________ second foreign language. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 【答案】B 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】該題的意思是：為了找到一個更好的工作, 他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門外語。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a +序數(shù)詞+名詞表示又一, 再一。 10.(08

40、浙江)______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head. A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填 【答案】A 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】第一個空指一個蘋果, 是泛指；第二個空考查hit sb. in/on the+部位, 表示 “擊打某人的某個部位”。 11.(08山東)Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource. A. 不填；a

41、B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a 【答案】D 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】the Internet因特網(wǎng), 為固定搭配；as a resource “作為一種資源”, 此處用a表示泛指。 12.(08江西)--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. --- It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and ____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. A. a; a

42、 B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a 【答案】B 【考點】考查冠詞的用法。 【解析】句意為：——開會來晚了我非常抱歉?！@不是你的錯, 這正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨, 難怪你來晚了。第一個空特指高峰時間擁擠的交通；第二個空特指雙方所指的大雨。 三年模擬 A組 2020年全國高考模擬題組 1.（杭州市西湖高級中學(xué)2020屆高三3月月考 1）The cakes are delicious. He'd like to have _____ third one because _____ secon

43、d one is rather too small. A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 2.（浙江省六校聯(lián)盟2020屆高三第一次聯(lián)考2 ） As the world faces ______ “cooling market”, Premier Wen Jiabao calls for ______confidence in economic growth during the New Year holiday. A. the; a B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; th

44、e 3.（溫州市2020屆高三第一次適應(yīng)性測試 1）—Riding along the Qujiang River banks could be great fun. —Sound like pretty good idea. A．a(chǎn)…/ B．a(chǎn)…a C．/…/ D．/…a 4.（寧波市八校2020屆高三下學(xué)期期初測試 1）Nicknames are interesting. If ______ man were unusually strong, he might adopt _____name such as Armstrong. A. a; the

45、 B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. the; a 5.（臺州中學(xué)2020屆高三下學(xué)期第一次統(tǒng)練 2）Yang Jia, ____ English professor at____ Chinese Academy of Science meets ____ challenges brought by the sudden loss of her eyesight and continues to make it in her work. A. an; the; / B. the; /; the C. the; /; /

46、 D. an; the; the 6.（金華一中2020屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試 1）—What book! —It’s wonderful indeed. I’ve never read more exciting one. A．a(chǎn); the B．the; 不填 C．a(chǎn); a D．the; a 7.（杭州市蕭山九中2020屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試 2）_______ young girl reminded me of my youth gone. I’m now ______ has-been that can tell what to do or

47、not to do. A. The;a B. A; the C. A; a D. The;不填 8.（紹興一中2020屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試 1）When a giraffe has ______ drink, it has to stand with its front legs wide apart in order to reach ______ water easily. ?A. 不填；不填???????? B. a; the???????? C. the; 不填?????? D. 不填；the 9.（衢州一中2020屆高三上學(xué)期

48、期中考試 2）The biggest whale is _______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _______ 9-story building. A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 10.( 浙江省十二校新高考研究聯(lián)盟2020屆第一次聯(lián)考 2) ________ M(m) oney plays an important role in ________ material world. But you can’

49、t expect it to give you real happiness. A. A; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; the 11.( 杭州市新安江中學(xué)2020屆高三12月月考 1) As is known to all,______ People’s Republic of China is _______ biggest developing country in the world. A. the ;不填 B. 不填 ；the C. the ；the D. 不填；不填 12.( 寧波市20

50、20屆高三“十校聯(lián)考” 2) In January, 2020, ____ leader of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Jintao was warmly received by Barak Obama, who was elected ____ president of the US two years ago. A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the B組 2020年全國高考模擬題組 1.( 紹興市2020屆高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量測試 2)

51、 --- How did you enjoy concert last night? --- What a disappointment! My favourite singer lost her voice and didn’t even make appearance. A．a(chǎn); an B．the; / C．the; an D．the; the 2.( 浙江省杭州二中2020屆高三5月模擬 1) --- What do you think of the new manager of your department? --- Oh, he is ________

52、 manager who’s pleasant to work with. I mean, it is ______ pleasure to work with him. A. the; \ B. a; a C. a; the D. \; a 3.( 嘉興一中2020屆高三高考模擬試題 11) Failure to face up to painful experience can be ______ form of stress itself, and can increase ______ possibility of illness. A. the

53、; / B. a; a C. a; the D. /; the 4.( 金華一中、慈溪中學(xué)、學(xué)軍中學(xué)三校2020年高三聯(lián)考 1) What ______ lovely surprise it was for the students to get ______ precious present individually when their class teacher, John, came back from the ceremony! A. 不填；a B. 不填；不填 C. the; the D. a; a 5.( 溫州市2020屆高三上學(xué)期五校聯(lián)考

54、 21) I was told that 10:15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reach Fudan University． A．the; / B．the; a C．a(chǎn); the D．/; the 6.( 杭州師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2020屆高三上學(xué)期第一次月考 2) ---What do you remember Alexander Graham Bell as? --- ______ inventor of ______ telephone. A. an; / B. the; a C. the

55、; the D. /; the 7.( 浙江省五校2020屆高三第一次聯(lián)考 1) The significance of 2020 Expo Shanghai lies in the opportunities it has provided for visitors to consider what would make for ______ better city and what should be ______ yardstick to improve city life． A．a(chǎn), the B．the, a C．a(chǎn), / D．the, / 8.( 杭州十四中2020屆高

56、三9月月考試卷 1) Many people have come to realize that they should go on _ balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise. A. a;/ B. the; a C. the; the D./;a 9.( 溫州中學(xué)2020屆高三第一學(xué)期第一次月考 15) The film Harry Potter was quite ______ hit across the world, bringing in ______ income of box office over millions of dollars within five months. A. /; an B. a; / C. a; an D. a; the 10.( 杭州高級中學(xué)2020屆高三上學(xué)期第一次月考 2) ______ two pandas from Chinese mainland has become ______ hot topic in Taiwan. A. The, a B. A, a C. /, the D. The, /