2020高中英語 Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World學(xué)案 外研版必修4

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1、Module6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World 學(xué)案 外研版必修4自然界解釋不清的奧妙 核心詞匯 1．Research____________ (暗示)that over 81% of teachers are dissatisfied with their salary. 2．She’s got a really ____________ (積極的)attitude to life. 3．His approach had won him a ____________ (聲譽(yù))as a tough manager. 4. She

2、’s always very____________(大方的)to the kids. 5．The floods brought death and ____________ (毀壞)to the area. 6．These teaching materials can be____________(適合)for older children. 7．The first living____________(動(dòng)物)sent into space was a dog named Laika. 8．Dinosaurs have been____________(消亡)for millions

3、 of years. 9．At first nobody noticed the child’s ____________though he____________ a few hours ago.Only when it was very late did he____________again.(disappear) 10．Generally speaking，earthquakes are____________ though scientists want to ____________when an earthquake happens and many people think

4、 some day they are____________with the help of advanced science and technology.(predict) 1.indicates　 2.positive　 3.reputation　4.generous　 5.destruction　 6.adapted　7.creature　 8.extinct　 9.disappearance；disappeared；appear； 10.unpredictable；predict；predicta

5、ble 高頻短語 1．________________　　突出；伸出；顯眼 2．________________ 再次成為新聞 3．________________ 看清楚 4．________________ 和……有關(guān)系/有聯(lián)系 5．________________ 消失；滅絕 6．________________ 切掉；剪下；割斷；切斷 7．________________ 編，編造；虛構(gòu)；組成 8．________________ 闡明；幫助弄清楚 9．________________ 談?wù)}；開門見山 10．________________ 由

6、于；由……造成 11．________________ 源于，來自 1.stick out　2.be back in the news　3.get a clear look at,4.be related to　5.die out　6.cut off　7.make up,8.throw light on　e straight to the point　10.due to　11.grow out of 重點(diǎn)句式 1．He claims__________________a round black creature moving quickly through the water. 他

7、聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。 2．They say that the low-temperature lake__________________able to support such large living creatures.他們說，水溫這樣低的湖泊不可能生存有體形如此巨大的動(dòng)物。 3．It is 2,189 metres high and______________________about ten square kilometres.它海拔2 189米，占地約10平方公里。 4．Other members of the royal family_______

8、_____________dragon symbols，too，but with fewer claws and________________________.皇室里的其他成員可以穿帶有龍標(biāo)志的袍子，但是他們袍子上的龍爪要少一些，而且顏色也不一樣。 5．Some experts believe it is______________the animals the myths__________________. 一些專家認(rèn)為這些神話故事是由于動(dòng)物而產(chǎn)生的。 1.to have seen　2.is unlikely to be　3.covers an area of,4.were all

9、owed to wear；of a different colour　5.due to；grew out of 知識(shí)詳解 1 claim　v．　聲稱；主張；要求；索賠 　　 n．　斷言；權(quán)利；要求權(quán)；所有權(quán) (回歸課本P52)Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.盡管沒有人看清楚過這個(gè)神秘的怪物，但當(dāng)?shù)匾晃粩z影師薛俊林聲稱：怪物

10、的頭看起來像馬頭。 11 歸納總結(jié) 例句探源 ①(朗文P318)They put in a claim on the insurance for the stolen luggage. 他們?cè)谛欣畋煌岛笙虮ｋU(xiǎn)公司提出索賠要求。 ②(朗文P318)Lost property can be claimed between 10 a．m. and 4 p．m.. 可于上午10點(diǎn)至下午4點(diǎn)之間認(rèn)領(lǐng)失物。 ③She claimed to have ever been met by the president. 她宣稱曾被總統(tǒng)接見過。 ④The old man claimed the

11、land.老人要求得到這塊土地。 易混辨析 claim，declare，announce claim 指通常并沒有證據(jù)的宣稱。 declare 一般指在正式場合宣布官方的立場或態(tài)度等。 announce 泛指宣布某一消息或某事；預(yù)示著……的到來。 ①He claimed to have paid. ②The U．S. declared_war on England in 1812. ③Everyone was silent as he announced the list. 即境活用 1．Every citizen in a democratic country

12、may________the protection of the law. A．declare　　　　　　 B．claim C．a(chǎn)sk D．a(chǎn)nnounce 解析：選B。句意為“民主國家的每一位公民都可以要求法律的保護(hù)”。claim(根據(jù)權(quán)利)對(duì)……提出要求；declare斷言，宣稱；announce宣布，宣告，發(fā)表。 ★2.When I was a child，fishermen and sailors sometimes ________to have seen monsters in the sea. A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．published C．

13、claimed D．happened 解析：選C。句意是：當(dāng)我還是個(gè)小孩子的時(shí)候，漁夫和水手有時(shí)聲稱看到過海里的妖怪。此句要用claimed表示“聲稱”。 2 fortune　n．　 運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)富 (回歸課本P59)So the Chinese dragon was a bringer of good fortune. 因此，中國龍能帶來好運(yùn)氣。 歸納總結(jié) 例句探源 ①He won the game by good fortune. 他靠運(yùn)氣贏得了比賽。 ②These two brothers decided to go to America to seek th

14、eir fortunes. 這兄弟倆決定去美國尋找致富之路。 ③Many people went to cities to make their fortune. 為了發(fā)財(cái)，很多人都去了城里。 ④He’s fortunate in having a good job，since business is bad nowadays. 他有一份好工作真幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)榻鼇砩獠缓米觥? 即境活用 3．I have had the good________to work with some experts. A．worth　　　　　　 B．fortune C．wealth

15、 D．reputation 解析：選B。該處強(qiáng)調(diào)與專家一起工作是幸運(yùn)的。worth“價(jià)值，財(cái)產(chǎn)”；wealth“財(cái)富，財(cái)產(chǎn)”；reputation“名譽(yù)”。 3 reputation　n．　名譽(yù)；名聲；聲望；榮譽(yù)，信譽(yù) (回歸課本P59)But in the west，dragons had a different reputation. 但是在西方，龍有著截然不同的名聲。 歸納總結(jié) 例句探源 ①(朗文P1674)Martin lived up to his reputation and arrived late. 馬丁果然不出所料，姍姍來遲。 ②(朗文P1674)H

16、is approach had won him a reputation as a tough manager. 作為經(jīng)理，他的辦事方法使他以強(qiáng)硬著稱。 ③The restaurant has a good reputation. 這家餐館名聲很好。 即境活用 ★4.I am surprised that a company with such good________would produce such poor quality goods. A．translation　　　　　　　　 B．reputation C．population D．evolution 解析：選B

17、。句意是：擁有那樣一個(gè)好的聲譽(yù)的公司竟然生產(chǎn)出那樣低劣的產(chǎn)品，我真是感到驚奇。translation翻譯；reputation聲譽(yù)；population人口；evolution進(jìn)化。 5．(2020年南京市模擬)The girl has no________at all.She is still trying to please her boyfriend，even though he is so cold. A．character B．reputation C．dignity D．figure 解析：選C?？疾槊~辨析。句意“這個(gè)女孩沒有尊嚴(yán)可言。她還是想討好她的男朋友，

18、盡管他是那么冷淡。”character“性格”；reputation“名聲”；figure“身材”。 4 die out　滅絕；逐漸消失 (回歸課本P56)Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out. 或許是因?yàn)樘嗟臓幎肥箍铸垳缃^了。 歸納總結(jié) 例句探源 ①(朗文P559)If the ocean becomes too salty, certain types of marine life die out. 如果海水鹽分太大，一些海洋物種就會(huì)滅絕。 ②Many old customs are grad

19、ually dying out. 許多舊習(xí)俗都在日漸消失。 ③The music died away as we closed the door. 由于我們關(guān)上門了，音樂聲變?nèi)趿恕? ④The animals are dying off because of the destruction of the forests. 由于森林被破壞，動(dòng)物在逐漸死去。 ⑤The storm has died down. 暴風(fēng)雨已漸漸停了。 即境活用 6．If too many of these rare animals are killed，their species will die___

20、_____. A．a(chǎn)way　　　　　　B．off C．out D．down 解析：選C。句意“如果這些稀有動(dòng)物過多地被殺，這些物種將會(huì)滅絕。” 7．(2020年湖北天門中學(xué)模擬)On the Eve of the Spring Festival，we Chinese people like to play with fireworks，and the noise doesn’t________until after midnight. A．die away B．die off C．die out D．die down

21、解析：選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語?！霸诔σ?，我們中國人喜歡燃放煙花，鞭炮聲就是過了半夜也不會(huì)減弱。” 5 come straight to the point　談?wù)}；開門見山 (回歸課本P58)I’ll come straight to the point. 我這就談?wù)}。 歸納總結(jié) to the point切題，中肯, off the point偏離要點(diǎn)，離題, on the point of就要……的時(shí)候, there’s no point(in)doing sth.做某事沒有意, when it comes/came to the point到了關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，到該做決定時(shí)

22、 例句探源 ①Let’s come straight to the point—when will you pay the money back to me? 我們開門見山地說吧——你什么時(shí)候還我錢？ ②The letter was short and to the point. 這封信簡短而切中主題。 ③Your criticism is off the point. 你的批評(píng)離題了。 ④When it comes to the point，I am prepared to resign over this. 到了關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，我愿為此辭職。 ⑤There’s no point

23、 in discussing it any further.再議論下去也沒多大意義。 即境活用 8．The police have been looking into the case and recent investigations have________how the two men died. A．thrown light on　　　　　　　 B．had an effect on C．turned a blind eye to D．come to the point 解析：選A。句意是：警方一直在調(diào)查這起案件，最近的調(diào)查已經(jīng)弄清楚了這兩個(gè)人是如何死的。此句要用throw

24、 light on表示“闡明某事，弄清楚……”。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)……有影響”；C項(xiàng)“對(duì)……視而不見”；D項(xiàng)“談?wù)}”。 6 due to　由于；因……造成；應(yīng)給的；即將的；預(yù)期做 (回歸課本P59)Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of. 一些專家認(rèn)為這是由這些神話產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)物造成的。 歸納總結(jié) 例句探源 ①His illness was due to bad food. 他的病是吃壞了的食物造成的。 ②The professor is due to make a speech this F

25、riday. 教授預(yù)期在星期五作演講。 ③(牛津P621)Have they been paid the money that is due to them? 他們應(yīng)得的錢付給他們了嗎？ ④The train has been cancelled due to circumstances beyond our control. 由于一些我們不能控制的情況，這班火車已被取消了。 即境活用 9．Accidents________driving at high speed were very common that weekend. A．because of　　　　　 B．owi

26、ng to C．thanks to D．due to 解析：選D。句意“那個(gè)周末因高速駕駛而造成的事故很普遍?！? ★10.The next train to London is________to arrive at 4 o’clock. A．owing B．due C．possible D．thanks 解析：選B。be due to do“預(yù)定要做”。句意“下一趟火車預(yù)定四點(diǎn)到達(dá)倫敦?！? 1【教材原句】　He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through th

27、e water.(P52) 他聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。 【句法分析】　本句中的to have seen是動(dòng)詞不定式的完成形式，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語動(dòng)詞claim之前。 不定式的時(shí)態(tài)有三種： (1)不定式的一般式：to do。表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同一時(shí)間發(fā)生或動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之后。 (2)不定式的進(jìn)行式：to be doing。表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同一時(shí)間發(fā)生，并且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 (3)不定式的完成式：to have done。表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前。 ①The teacher seemed to have known about it.老師好像已經(jīng)知道這件事了。

28、②I consider it a pity for you not to have attended our party. 我認(rèn)為你沒參加我們的聚會(huì)真是遺憾。 ③There is said to have been many people waiting to see him when he arrived.(＝It’s said that there had been...) 據(jù)說他到達(dá)的時(shí)候已經(jīng)有很多人在等著見他了。 ④They seem/appear to have known the fact.(＝It seems/appears that they have known t

29、he fact.)他們好像已經(jīng)知道了真相。 即境活用 11．To our surprise，the painting considered________should have won the prize. A．being copied　　 B．having been copied C．to have copied D．to have been copied 解析：選D。considered是過去分詞作定語修飾the painting。consider后面要求接不定式作賓(主)補(bǔ)，故可排除A和B。the painting和copy之間存在被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，且copy動(dòng)作發(fā)生在con

30、sider之前，故答案為D。此句意為“令我們吃驚的是，那幅被認(rèn)為是抄襲的繪畫作品竟獲了獎(jiǎng)?！? ★12.AIDS is said________the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. A．that it is B．to be C．that it has been D．to have been 解析：選D。根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語over the past few years知，此處用完成式。sb.be said to do表示“……據(jù)說做某事”

31、的意思。 2【教材原句】　They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.(P52) 他們說，水溫這樣低的湖泊不可能生存有體形如此巨大的動(dòng)物。 【句法分析】　(1)本句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為：They say that it is unlikely that the low-temperature lake is able to support such large living creatures. (2) 本句使用了be unlikely t

32、o do sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)，它的用法等同于be likely to do sth.。主要有下述用法： 主語(具體人/物)＋be (un)likely to do sth. It(形式主語)＋be (un)likely to do sth. It(形式主語)＋be (un)likely＋that-clause 【注意】　likely與unlikely不能用于It’s likely/unlikely for sb.to do sth.，而possible與probable是可以用于It’s possible/probable/impossible for sb.to do sth.。另外，

33、(be)possible與(be)probable的主語不能是具體的某人或某物。 ①Look at the clouds！It’s likely to rain. 看那些烏云！天可能要下雨。 ②It’s too late.He is unlikely to come. 太晚了。他不可能來了。 ③It’s likely that we will beat them since we have practiced a lot. 因?yàn)槲覀冏隽舜罅烤毩?xí)，很可能我們會(huì)打敗他們。 ④He is ill seriously so that it’s unlikely that he will

34、attend the party. 他病得很嚴(yán)重所以他不可能參加這個(gè)晚會(huì)。 即境活用 ★13.—Did you look up the time of trains to Shanghai? —Yes，the earliest train is________to leave at 5∶30 a．m.. A．likely　　　　　　　　　B．a(chǎn)bout C．possible D．due 解析：選D。be due to do意為“應(yīng)該……/預(yù)期的”；be about to do不和時(shí)間狀語連用；possible主語應(yīng)為it；而likely與句意不符。 14．(2020

35、年高考陜西卷)Studies show that people are more________to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. A．likely B．possible C．probable D．sure 解析：選A。句意：研究表明如果總是長時(shí)間地坐在電腦屏幕前，人們的背部很有可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)毛病。本題考查表示“可能性”的三個(gè)形容詞possible，probable，likely在搭配上的區(qū)別： ①It is possible/proba

36、ble/likely that從句； ②It is possible for sb.to do sth.； ③Sb./Sth.is likely to do sth.； 綜上所述，正確答案為A項(xiàng)。 作文指導(dǎo) 句式變換 1．非謂語和從句的變換 非謂語動(dòng)詞包括動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞。使用非謂語動(dòng)詞可以在有限的空間內(nèi)容納更多的信息，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。 【佳句選粹1】 【原文】 【優(yōu)化】 It must be realized that people should be cautious when they decide which books they

37、should choose to read since if they read bad books，it will be timewasting and harmful. It must be realized that people should be cautious deciding which books they should choose to read since reading bad books is timewasting and harmful. 【分析】　把“when they decide”改為“deciding”，if 條件從句改為動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，句子結(jié)

38、構(gòu)變得更加緊湊，簡潔明了。 【佳句選粹2】 【原文】 【優(yōu)化】 Because I was ill，I didn’t go to the party.The party was organized by my classmates yesterday. Being ill，I didn’t go to the party which was organized by my classmates yesterday. 【分析】　把原句中的原因狀語從句用分詞的形式變換，又用了個(gè)定語從句把兩個(gè)句子連起來，使得句子更緊湊，更嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。 2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的變換 寫作中，常使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句來達(dá)到突

39、出重點(diǎn)的目的。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。另外，英語中還經(jīng)常使用助動(dòng)詞do/does/did對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。 【原文】 【優(yōu)化】 I met a friend of mine in the street yesterday. It was in the street that I met a friend of mine yesterday. 【分析】　改成強(qiáng)調(diào)句后，強(qiáng)調(diào)說明是“in the street”而不是別的地方，句意的表達(dá)更加有力。 【佳句選粹1】 【佳句選粹2】 【原文】 【優(yōu)化】 We shoul

40、d be careful when we cross the street. Do be careful when we cross the street. 【分析】　改成強(qiáng)調(diào)句后，語氣增強(qiáng)了，句意的表達(dá)更加有力，可翻譯為“過馬路時(shí)務(wù)必要小心”。 3.倒裝句的變換 句子成分在句子中都有一定的位置，但有時(shí)可以把某些句子成分前后倒置，以達(dá)到突出強(qiáng)調(diào)的目的或起到某種修飾作用。 英語中倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。部分倒裝在寫作中比較常用，經(jīng)常由否定詞提前或“only＋狀語”提前引起。 【原文】 【優(yōu)化】 Everyone knows that we are busy all day.We know seldom what is happening both at home and abroad，let alone what we can do for our country. Everyone knows that we are busy all day.Seldom do we know what is happening both at home and abroad，let alone what we can do for our country. 【分析】　“seldom”位于句首，引起部分倒裝，突出了現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，句意表達(dá)更有力。