2022年高一英語(yǔ) 高效課堂 B1M5預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案 外研版（學(xué)生版）

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1、2022年高一英語(yǔ) 高效課堂 B1M5預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案 外研版（學(xué)生版） 1. expand vi.膨脹，擴(kuò)張 vt.使膨脹，使擴(kuò)張，使擴(kuò)大 expand…into… 把……擴(kuò)展/擴(kuò)充為…… expand on/upon 詳述，對(duì)……作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明 (1) 那位作者把他的短篇小說(shuō)擴(kuò)展為長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)。 The writer expanded his short novel into a long one. (2) There is no need to expand on the plan. 2. conclusion n. 結(jié)論 conclude v. 得出結(jié)論；結(jié)

2、束 e to/ arrive at/ reach/ draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論 jump to a conclusion 匆忙下結(jié)論 bring sth. to a conclusion 使……結(jié)束 in conclusion 最后；總之 （1） 我將盡快結(jié)束這個(gè)故事。 I will bring my story quickly to a conclusion. （2） 最后，我要感謝你為我所做的一切。 In conclusion, I’d like to thank you for all you’ve done for me. Rabbits a

3、nd foxes are mon in the countryside. (1) Housing prices in Beijing are out of reach for ordinary people. (2) The doctor said the child’s temperature was normal. (3) The sweethearts in love meet once a week at the usual place. 3. add…to… 往……加入…… 花園為這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)增添了美麗。 The garden adds much beauty to the t

4、own. add to (=increase) 增加； 增添 add up sth. (= add sth. together) 把某物加起來(lái) add up to (= e to = total) 共計(jì)；共達(dá) Every failure one meets with adds to one’s experience. 吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。 He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights. His whole school education added up to no more than

5、 one year. 4. think of 想象；考慮 這幅畫(huà)使我想起了過(guò)去。 The picture made me think of my past. think highly/much/well of… 對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)很高 think poorly/little/ill of… 對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)不高 think of … as… 把……看做…… think about 考慮，思考think over 仔細(xì)考慮 What do you think of…? 你認(rèn)為……怎么樣？ 老師對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)很高。 The teacher thinks highly of him. 他希望有更多的時(shí)

6、間把情況考慮周全。 He’d like more time to think things over. 5. Two-thirds of the earth’s surface is water. “分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與of 后的名詞一致。 One-third of these jobs are held by women. 瓶中三分之一的水是他喝的。 One-third of the water in the bottle was drunk by him. Three-fourths of the buildings _______ des

7、troyed in the earthquake. A. was B. has C. were D. have 6. Here is a table… 以here, there, in, out, up, down, away, back, now, then等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子里，如果主語(yǔ)是名詞，常用全部倒裝。 男孩子們沖了出來(lái)。Out rushed the boys. 接下來(lái)下了三天大雨。 Then followed three days of heavy rain. 7. balance n. [C] 天平；[U] 平衡 v. 權(quán)衡，對(duì)比，使平衡 keep on

8、e’s balance 保持平衡 lose one’s balance 失去平衡 in the balance 懸而未決；（結(jié)果）未定 the balance of nature 生態(tài)平衡 8. astonished adj. 吃驚的；驚愕的 be astonished at… 對(duì)……感到驚訝 be astonished to do sth. 因做某事感到驚訝 be astonished that 因……感到驚訝 astonishment n. 驚訝 in astonishment 吃驚地，驚訝地 to one’s astonishment 令某人感到驚訝

9、的是 astonishing adj. 令人吃驚的 我的父母聽(tīng)到我的消息后感到驚訝。My parents were astonished at my news. 在這里看到他父親，他感到很吃驚。He was astonished to see his father here. 他考試沒(méi)及格，這使我感到很驚訝。I’m astonished that he didn’t pass the exam. 令我們驚訝的是，他沒(méi)參加講座。To our astonishment, he didn’t go to the lecture. Grammar Degrees of parison

10、 一、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu) 1. “the +比較級(jí)……, the +比較級(jí)“：表示“越……越……” The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is.你越早看醫(yī)生越好。 The longer I waited， the less patient I became.我等的越久就變得越不耐煩。 2. the +序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞：表示“第幾大的” This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson。 這是邁克爾·杰克遜第三受歡迎的歌曲。 高考真題： 1. (01上海卷

11、) In recent years travel panies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go , ____ 。 A. our holidays will be better B. our holiday will be the better C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be 2. (02上海卷) As far as I am concerned, education is about learni

12、ng and the more you learn, ____。 A. the more for life you are equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life 答案：1. C 2. B 二、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ) 1.常見(jiàn)的比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有：much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, even, will, still, a bit, a l

13、ittle, rather, any, far larger than This movie is far more interesting than I expected.這部電影比我原想的有意思的多。 2. all the +比較級(jí)：愈來(lái)愈 I worked all the harder.我工作愈來(lái)愈努力了。 3.常見(jiàn)的最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有：序數(shù)詞，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really等 He is almost the best player.他基本上是最好的選手。 4. any修飾比較級(jí)只用于疑問(wèn)句

14、、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句 Can you do any better on this job?你這件事情能不能做得更好些？ 高考真題： 1. (06江蘇卷) I wish you’d do ____ talking and some more work. Thus things will bee better。 A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more 2. (07全國(guó)卷II ) After two years’ research, we now have a ____ better understanding of

15、 the disease。 A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite 3. (08全國(guó)卷I) You’re driving too fast. Can you drive ______? A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more bit 答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 三、表達(dá)倍數(shù)的常用結(jié)構(gòu) 1.數(shù)詞+times+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as This room is twice as big as that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍

16、。 2.數(shù)詞+times+形容詞比較級(jí)+than This room is twice bigger than that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。 3.數(shù)詞+times+性質(zhì)名詞+of (性質(zhì)名詞主要有：length, size, height, weight, depth等) This room is twice the size of that one.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。 4. (not)half+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as This room is half as big as that one.這房間的面積是那間的一半。 高考真題： 1. (03北京卷

17、) Our neighbor has _____ours。 A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as 2. (05湖北卷)What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before .It is it is long。 A.half not as wide as B.wide not as half as C.not half as wide as D.as wide as not half 3.

18、 (08浙江卷) I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times____。 A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many 4. (08陜西卷) Ten years ago the population of our village was that of theirs。 A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as 5. (09四

19、川卷)My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice ___ expensive 。 A. as B. so C. too D. very 6. (09遼寧卷)Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost his。 A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as 7. (09四川卷)My

20、uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice ___ expensive 。 A. as B. so C. too D. very 8. (09江西卷)According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ____a woman。 A. than B. such C. so D. as 9. (09遼寧卷)Peter’s jacket looked just the

21、same as Jack’s, but it cost _______ his。 A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as 10. (08浙江卷) I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______。 A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many 答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A

22、8. D 9. B 10. A 四、比較級(jí)與冠詞的搭配 1.不含than的比較級(jí)前可加不定冠詞修飾，構(gòu)成“ a/an+比較級(jí)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“一個(gè)更……的人/物”。 Why don’t you use a sharper knife? 你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢？ 2.被比較者被明確特指時(shí)，比較級(jí)前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞“the”修飾。 Which is the younger one, Lily or Lucy? 哪一個(gè)年齡小一些，莉莉還是魯西？ 高考真題： 1. (02全國(guó)卷) Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether any

23、one in the class has ___IQ。 A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest 2. (05山東卷)Mr. Smith owns ______ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met。 A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large 3. (06四川卷) ---Did you enjoy yourself at the party? --- Yes. I’ve never been to ____

24、 one before。 A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting 4. (06全國(guó)II卷) Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard ____ before。 A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one 5. (06安徽卷) Of the two sisters, Betty is ____ one, and she is also the one

25、who loves to be quite。 A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest 答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C 五、比較級(jí)和同級(jí)比較 1. as +原級(jí)+ as : 和……一樣 The room is as big as that one.這間房子和那間一樣大。 2. as many/much/far/long as +具體數(shù)詞：到達(dá)某種程度 The number of the students in that school reaches as many as 4,00

26、0.那所學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量多達(dá)4ooo人。 3. as… as中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式： 1) as +形容詞+ a/an +單數(shù)名詞+as He is as kind a person as his father.他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。 2) as + many/much+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少紙，我也能。 I have as many books as you do.我的書(shū)和你的一樣多。 高考真題： 1. (01全國(guó)卷) It is generally believed th

27、at teaching is _____ it is a science。 A. as art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 2. (04上海卷)He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker。 A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than 3. (05安徽卷)John is th

28、e tallest boy in the class, _______ according to himself。 A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 4. (06上海卷) A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds ____ strong as 113 miles per hour。 A. too B. ve

29、ry C. so D. as 答案：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)看起來(lái)復(fù)雜，其實(shí)只要掌握其中規(guī)律，理清頭緒，就比較容易掌握了。同學(xué)們一定要反復(fù)牢記規(guī)則，真正理解，并通過(guò)做練習(xí)來(lái)鞏固。 比較等級(jí)的程度狀語(yǔ) (1)表示一方比另一方“強(qiáng)/大/高……得多”時(shí)，比較結(jié)構(gòu)前加much, far, a lot, a great deal等 He did much better than I in maths. (2)表示一方比另一方“……一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”，通常用a bit, a little, slightly 等修飾 He behaved a bit b

30、etter than her in the petition. She came a little earlier than I this morning. Exercises: (1) How much ___________ she looked without her glasses! A. well B. good C. best D. better (2) You’re driving too fast. Can you drive _________? A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit