2022年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 3 Inventors and inventions習(xí)題 新人教版選修8

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1、2022年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 3 Inventors and inventions習(xí)題 新人教版選修8 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—Have you ______？ —No.I had the wrong number. A．got in　　　　　　　　 B．got away C．got off D．got through 解析 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。get in“插話(huà)，收割”；get away“離開(kāi)；走開(kāi)”；get off“下車(chē)”；get through“接通電話(huà)，完成，到達(dá)，通過(guò)”，由此可知該題的答案為D項(xiàng)，意思是“你打通電話(huà)了嗎？” 答案 D 2．So far nobo

2、dy has claimed the money______in the library. A．discovered B．to be discovered C．discovering D．having discovered 解析 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：迄今為止，沒(méi)有人認(rèn)領(lǐng)在圖書(shū)館里發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢(qián)。因discover與money之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。 答案 A 3．There were many talented actors out there just waiting______. A．to discover B．to be discovered

3、 C．discovered D．being discovered 解析 考查不定式的被動(dòng)式作目的狀語(yǔ)。解答這類(lèi)題時(shí)，一定要弄清非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系。句意：在外面有許多有才華的演員等著被發(fā)現(xiàn)。to be discovered為不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。discover與其邏輯主語(yǔ)actors之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且discover動(dòng)作是將要發(fā)生，故用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。 答案 B 4．After that，he knew he could______any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability. A．

4、get away with B．get on with C．get through D．get across 解析 考查get動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：(經(jīng)歷過(guò))那件事以后，他知道只要他盡自己所能就能處理任何緊急情況。to the best of盡……所能；就……的限度。get away with攜……潛逃；(做了壞事)逍遙法外；get on with進(jìn)展；相處；get through通過(guò)；完成；get across過(guò)(馬路、橋等)；使(人)了解自己的意思。由句意可知，C項(xiàng)為最佳選項(xiàng)。 答案 C 5．It’s the sort of work that ______ a high lev

5、el of concentration. A．calls for B．makes up C．lies on D．stands for 解析 考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析。call for需要，需求；make up編(故事、借口等)；lie in位于，在于；stand for代表。根據(jù)句意，A項(xiàng)符合。 答案 A 6．I tried phoning her office，but I couldn’t______. A．get along B．get on C．get to D．get through 解析 考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。get along“相處融洽，進(jìn)展”；get on“繼

6、續(xù)，進(jìn)行，上車(chē)”；get to“到達(dá)，開(kāi)始”；get through“穿過(guò)，通過(guò)，讀完，打通(電話(huà))”。根據(jù)句意：我試著給她辦公室打電話(huà)，但是沒(méi)有打通。因此只有g(shù)et through符合句意。 答案 D 7．It is difficult to______one twin from the other.They almost don’t ______from each other. A．differ； distinguish B．distinguish；different C．distinguish；differ D．tell；different 解析 distinguis

7、h表示“區(qū)分，辨別”，常構(gòu)成distinguish A from B，而differ from each other意為“有區(qū)別，不同于”，相當(dāng)于be different from each other。 答案 C 8．—Mum，it is nice weather.I want to skate this afternoon. —Don’t you think the ice on the lake is too thin to ______ your weight? A．carry B．bear C．catch D．take 解析 這里的bear不表示“忍受”，而是“承

8、受”的意思。 答案 B 9．Hardly could he______this amount of work in such a short time. A．get through B．get off C．get into D．get down 解析 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)他幾乎完不成這么多工作。get through有完成之意，符合句意。get off下車(chē)；get into進(jìn)入，陷入；get down“下車(chē)，吞下，寫(xiě)下”；都與句意不搭配。 答案 A 10．It is hard for young children to distinguish righ

9、t ______ wrong. A．with　　　 B．to C．from　　　 D．between 解析 distinguish right from wrong“辨別是與非”。 答案 C 11．When we plan our vacation，mother often offers______suggestions. A．careful B．practical C．effective D．a(chǎn)cceptable 解析 母親是長(zhǎng)輩，她所擁有的是實(shí)用的信息。建議要經(jīng)過(guò)檢驗(yàn)之后才知道是否有效，排除C項(xiàng)，可接受的建議不一定實(shí)用，排除D項(xiàng)。 答案 B 12．—Mum，

10、we’ve got to be ______ and buy only what we need. —Oh，I’m glad to hear that. A．practical B．content C．familiar D．a(chǎn)ctual 解析 前句句意：我們一定要實(shí)際些，只要我們需要的東西。practical實(shí)際的，符合情況的；content滿(mǎn)意的；familiar熟悉的；actual實(shí)際的。 答案 A 13．Letterboxes are much more______in the UK than in the US，where most people have a ma

11、ilbox instead. A．mon B．normal C．ordinary D．usual 解析 考查同義詞辨析。句意：信箱在英國(guó)比在美國(guó)更常用，在美國(guó)大多數(shù)人都有一個(gè)郵箱。mon指“為許多人或事物所共同具有的，因而常見(jiàn)”；ordinary指“由于與一般事物的性質(zhì)或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相同，因而顯得平常，無(wú)奇特之處，反義詞為special”； usual指“在某一地方或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)所常見(jiàn)的，往往指常用的東西，或常發(fā)生的事情，反義詞為unusual”；normal同regular一樣，意為“正常的，正規(guī)的，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的”。 答案 A 14．Start out right away，______

12、you’ll miss the first train. A．a(chǎn)nd　　　 B．but C．or　　　 D．which 解析 句意：立刻出發(fā)，否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)第一班火車(chē)的。or否則，符合句意。 答案 C 15．Christmas Day is usually celebrated on December 25th ______ the birth of Jesus Christ. A．in praise of B．in honor of C．in terms of D．in association with 解析 考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。in praise of稱(chēng)贊；in h

13、onor of紀(jì)念；in terms of在……方面；in association with與……在一起，與……聯(lián)合。由題意知選B項(xiàng)。 答案 B Ⅱ.完形填空 Elaine was a saleswoman，who drove all over the city five days a week.When all the freeway lanes were at a dead stop，she would drive quickly along the emergency lane.While driving she usually__1__on her cellphone，drink

14、ing a soda or eating a sandwich—her hands，legs and mouth were always__2__while she was driving. Last night she got__3__in Friday evening rush hour.She was going to be __4__for her date.She was already__5__when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped.Elaine drove__6__over to th

15、e emergency lane.Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror.She had to__7__her car.A good-looking officer walked up. “Officer，my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant.I have constant morning sickness.I’m just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my__8__.” She looked at the officer

16、 with__9__eyes. He looked at her pitifully，then said__10__，“Okay，ma’am.Take the first exit.I hope you’ll be feeling better.” The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on.This was the second time that__11__had worked for her.She had one more thing to do before she got home.She had to mail

17、 a package.When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm，no parking was__12__，except for the handicapped space.Elaine drove right into it.She would only be a minute，she told__13__.All she had to do was __14__the post office，get the package__15__，and pay the clerk. Fortunately，there was no__16__in the s

18、tore.Everything was done so __17__that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car.Then she stopped__18__.There was an envelope on the windshield (擋風(fēng)玻璃)．She opened it slowly.She knew__19__it was，but not how much it was.She screamed when she saw the__20__.A dog started barking. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主

19、要講述了在晚上回家的途中發(fā)生在女推銷(xiāo)員Elaine身上的事情。 1. A.depended　　 B．carried C．talked　　 D．sold 解析　她在開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)通常打電話(huà)、喝蘇打汽水或吃三明治。talk(to sb.)on one’s cellphone意為“用手機(jī)(和某人)通話(huà)”。 答案　C 2．A.full 　　 B．open C．free　　 D．busy 解析　在開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)她的手、腿和嘴巴總是閑不住。busy忙碌的，符合語(yǔ)境。 答案　D 3． A.stuck　　 B．hurt C．a(chǎn)nnoyed 　　 D．punished 解析　昨晚她趕上了周五晚上的

20、交通高峰期。get stuck in意為陷入……。 答案　A 4．A.late 　　 B．ready C．excited　　 D．mad 解析　她的約會(huì)要遲到了。be late for遲到，符合語(yǔ)境。 答案　A 5．A.satisfied　　　 B．a(chǎn)ngry C．exhausted　　 D．calm 解析　就在事情似乎變得更糟糕，所有的交通都停止的時(shí)候，她已經(jīng)生氣了。angry生氣的，發(fā)怒的。 答案　B 6．A.reluctantly 　　 B．immediately C．guiltily　　 D．gratefully 解析　Elaine立即(im

21、mediately)將車(chē)開(kāi)上應(yīng)急車(chē)道。此空與文章第一段第二句中的“quickly”相呼應(yīng)。 答案　B 7．A.stop 　　　 B．start C．discard 　　 D．speed 解析　她不得不將車(chē)停(stop)下。 答案　A 8．A.gas 　　 B．ticket C．medicine　　 D．package 解析　她說(shuō)她只是想到最近的商店買(mǎi)點(diǎn)兒藥(medicine)。 答案　C 9．A.innocent　　 B．a(chǎn)ggressive C．a(chǎn)ddicted　　 D．proud 解析　她用無(wú)辜的(innocent)眼神望著那名警官。 答案　A 1

22、0．A.softly 　　 B．rudely C．strictly　　 D．skeptically 解析　他滿(mǎn)懷同情地看著她，溫和地(softly)說(shuō)：“那行，女士。走第一個(gè)出口吧。我希望你會(huì)好起來(lái)?！? 答案　A 11．A.officer 　　 B．excuse C．driver 　　 D．mistake 解析　這是那個(gè)借口(excuse)第二次奏效了。 答案　B 12．A.adoptable　　 B．a(chǎn)ccessible C．a(chǎn)cceptable　　 D．a(chǎn)vailable 解析　當(dāng)她晚上7點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)購(gòu)物中心的時(shí)候，除了殘疾人專(zhuān)區(qū)外，已沒(méi)有可供使用的(avai

23、lable)泊車(chē)位。 答案　D 13．A.the clerk　　 B．the guard C．the worker　　 D．herself 解析　她告訴自己，只會(huì)停一分鐘。反身代詞herself在此作told的賓語(yǔ)。 答案　D 14．A.take out　　 B．get out C．run into 　　 D．push into 解析　她要做的就是跑進(jìn)(run into)郵局，將包裹稱(chēng)重(weighed)，并付錢(qián)給工作人員。 答案　C 15．A.weighed 　　 B．printed C．repaired 　　 D．paid 解析　參見(jiàn)上題解析。

24、答案　A 16．A.car 　　 B．line C．police 　　 D．service 解析　幸運(yùn)的是，不需要排隊(duì)。line隊(duì)伍，行列，符合語(yǔ)境。 答案　B 17．A.quickly　　 B．slowly C．strangely　　 D．quietly 解析　一切都做得很快(quickly)以至于她往回走向汽車(chē)時(shí)竟吹起了口哨。 答案　A 18．A.talking　　　 B．driving C．thinking　　 D．whistling 解析　她停止吹口哨(whistling)。 答案　D 19．A.how 　　 B．why C．what 　　 D．

25、that 解析　她知道那是什么(what)，但她不知道是多少。 答案　C 20．A.letter 　　 B．order C．a(chǎn)mount 　　 D．invitation 解析　當(dāng)她看到罰單上的金額(amount)時(shí)，她尖叫起來(lái)。 答案　C Ⅲ.閱讀理解 Public bookshelves are appearing across Germany on street corners，city squares and in suburban supermarkets.In these free-for-all libraries，people can grab whatever

26、 they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others.There’s no need to register，no due date，and you can take or give as many as you want.“This project is aimed at everyone who likes to read.It is open for everybody，” Michael Aubermann，one of the organizers of the free book exchange s

27、aid. The western city’s latest public shelf was put up next to Bayenturm.It is the fourth free shelf that Aubermann’s group，the Cologne Citizen’s Foundation，has placed outside.“We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and it’s been working really well，” said Aubermann.The public bookshelves，w

28、hich are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups，have appeared independently of each other in many cities，suburbs and villages.Each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a plete turnover，with all the old titles replaced by new ones. Even mercial

29、 book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“We see this project rather as a sales promotion than as petition，” said Elmar Muether.“If books are present everywhere，it helps our business，too.” So far，the Cologne book group has had few problems with damage or

30、 other problems.Aubermann said，“Propaganda (宣傳) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.” At another bookshelf in the Bayenthal neighborhood，the lower shelves are reserved for children’s literature only.“It is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this ‘reading

31、culture on the street’—from old readers to kids to immigrants，” Aubermann said. While most of the shelves have so far been put up in upscale_neighborhoods，Aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods，where citizens often

32、 don’t have as much access to literature. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　在德國(guó)的城市街角、廣場(chǎng)和郊區(qū)超市，一排排公共書(shū)架出現(xiàn)在人們的視野中。你可以隨意取閱或捐贈(zèng)圖書(shū)。這項(xiàng)免費(fèi)換書(shū)活動(dòng)得到了人們的支持。 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the public bookshelves? A．People can take the books and leave their books at will. B．People can’t borrow books unless they donate books. C．Peo

33、ple can borrow whatever they like after registering. D．People have to return the books according to the required time. 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“people can grab whatever they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others.There’s no need to register，no due date，and you can take or give as many

34、 as you want.”可知，人們可以隨意取閱或捐贈(zèng)圖書(shū)，不需要登記，也沒(méi)有規(guī)定的還書(shū)時(shí)間。 答案　A 2．According to Aubermann，the public bookshelves________. A．a(chǎn)re financed by local volunteers B．have been going well since their birth C．were managed by the local government D．will hold more books and take a shorter turnover 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“

35、We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and it’s been working really well”可知，公共書(shū)架自誕生以來(lái)運(yùn)行良好。根據(jù)第二段第四句話(huà)可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，C、D兩項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有信息支持。 答案　B 3．The underlined phrase “upscale neighborhoods” refers to________. A．munities that have many people B．munities that have many tall buildings C．munities that are f

36、ree to live in D．munities that are of high grade 解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后面的“poor neighborhoods”的對(duì)比可知，upscale neighborhoods指的是高檔社區(qū)。 答案　D 4．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．Public Reading Bees Popular Worldwide B．New Trends of Bookshelves in Germany C．Public Bookshelves Spread Across German

37、y D．Reading Culture on the Street in Europe 解析　標(biāo)題概括題。綜合本文內(nèi)容可知，C項(xiàng)“公共書(shū)架遍布德國(guó)”最適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。 答案　C Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) Today we had the honor of Professor Smith to give us an English lesson.All of us were deeply by this unforgettable English lesson.The professor began the class an amusing English story，which att

38、racted our at once.He spoke slowly and clearly so that we could follow him well. inspired，most of us took an active part in classroom activities.After class，many students being——— interviewed spoke highly of him.They said never before they experienced interesting a class.From his lesson，we came to conclusion that it is not so difficult to learn English we find a good way.