2018屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Places of Interest學(xué)案 重慶大學(xué)版必修4

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1、 Unit 1　Places of Interest 一、單詞—— 寫 得 準(zhǔn) 用 得 活(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) 1.floodn．　　　　　　　　　洪水；水災(zāi) 2.thereforeadv. 因此；所以 3.desiren. 欲望；要求，心愿 4.linkvt. 連接；聯(lián)系 5.amazingadj. 令人驚奇的 6.defendvt. 保護(hù)；防御；辯護(hù) 7.extendvi./vt. 延伸；延長(zhǎng) 8.existencen. 存在；出現(xiàn) 9.literaturen. 文獻(xiàn)；文學(xué)；文學(xué)作品 10.beautifully adv.漂

2、亮地；美好地→beautifuladj.漂亮的；美好的→beautyn．美人；完美；美麗；美 11.bathe vi.沐?。幌丛琛鷅athn．洗澡；浴缸；沐浴用品 12.satisfaction n．滿意；滿足；令人滿意的事物→satisfyvt.使……滿足→satisfiedadj.感到滿意的→satisfyingadj.令人滿意的；令人滿足的→satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的 13.attraction n．向往的地方；吸引；吸引人的事物→attractvi./vt.吸引；引起→attractiveadj.迷人的；有魅力的；引人注目的 14.impress vt.給……

3、極深印象→impressionn．印象；感想；印痕→impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的；感人的 15.unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.遺憾地，不幸地，可惜地→fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的→fortunen．幸運(yùn)，財(cái)富 16.appealing adj.吸引人的→appealvi./vt.吸引；呼吁n.上訴；呼吁；要求 1.With the help of the birds, the beautiful girl, who was beautifully dressed, danced wit

4、h the prince on all three nights and the prince was struck by her beauty and fell in love with her.(beauty) 2.It's unfortunate to be stuck in the rain. Even unfortunately,_we couldn't find anyone to help us. At last we tried our fortune to find a shortcut. Fortunately we arrived home before dark. S

5、o we were also fortunate.(fortunate) 3.Guilin is such an impressive city that it often makes a strong impression on visitors and its sights never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress) 4.What attracts me to go to Beijing is that there are a lot of attractions there. What's more, the dishes ar

6、e also attractive.(attract) 5.In other words, whether you're seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you've got to move forward. Finally, a satisfying result will come to you and make you satisfied.(satisfy) 6.Swimming is an appealing form of entertainment, which appeals to

7、 both men and women.(appeal) 7.Jane dreams of bathing in a hot spring enjoying a relaxing bath.(bathe) ? 1.探訪“命運(yùn)”成員 ①fortune n．　　機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣 ②luck n. 好運(yùn) ③fate n. 命運(yùn) ④destiny n. 命運(yùn)；天命 2．“漂亮的”形容詞薈萃 ①beautiful 漂亮的 ②pretty 漂亮的 ③cute 漂亮迷人的 ④handsome 英俊的 ⑤good-looking 好看的 3.“天災(zāi)”名詞全接觸 ①f

8、lood　　　　　　洪水 ②drought 干旱 ③tsunami 海嘯 ④tornado 龍卷風(fēng) ⑤earthquake 地震 ⑥mudslide 泥石流 ⑦frost 霜凍 ⑧typhoon 臺(tái)風(fēng) ⑨hurricane 颶風(fēng) 4.“因此”表達(dá)集錦 ①therefore　　　　因此；所以 ②hence 因此；所以 ③consequently 因此；結(jié)果 ④accordingly 因此；于是 ⑤as a result 因此；結(jié)果 ⑥as a consequence 因此；結(jié)果 ⑦in consequence 因此；結(jié)果 ⑧thus

9、 因此 ⑨for this reason 因此 二、短語(yǔ)—— 寫 得 準(zhǔn) 用 得 活(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空) 1.similar_to　　　　　　　　　 與……相似 2.be_equipped_with 裝備；配備；安裝 3.keep_one's_balance 保持某人的平衡 4.point_out 指出 5.serve_as 作為……用；擔(dān)任 6.check_out 退房；付賬后離開(kāi) 7.look_down_at 俯瞰 8.wind_one's_way 沿蜿蜒曲折的路線前行 9.at_the_foot_of 在……的底部 10.cut_

10、across 抄近路穿過(guò) 11.defend_..._from_... 防御；防衛(wèi)……以免于 12.in_that 由于；因?yàn)? 13.according_to 依照，根據(jù) 14.take_part_in 參加，參與 15.as_well_as 和，也；和……一樣好 1.You will be well equipped_with knowledge and skills for your future job in our school. 2.The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference bo

11、oks while the magazines serve_as reading materials.(2015·天津高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) 3.I should point_out that not one of these paintings is original. 4.Their house is similar_to ours, but ours has a bigger garden. 5.We can gain time if we cut_across this field. 6.The hotel receptionist wants to know when we will

12、 check_out tomorrow morning. ? 1.“保護(hù)/ 阻止……免于”短語(yǔ)大全 ①defend ... from ... ②protect ... from ... ③stop ... from ... ④keep ... from ... 2.“由于；因?yàn)椤倍陶Z(yǔ)小結(jié) ①in that　　　　 ②due to ③owing to ④because of ⑤as a result of ⑥in consequence of ⑦as a consequence of 3.巧記“v.＋as”短語(yǔ) ①work as　　　以……身份工作 ②act

13、 as 作為……用 ③function as 起……作用 ④serve as 起……作用 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 學(xué) 仿 寫 1.It was so small and narrow that we had to be careful to keep our balance. 它(剛朵拉)是如此小且狹窄以至于我們不得不小心翼翼地來(lái)保持平衡。 so＋形容詞或副詞＋that ...“如此……以至于……”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 我們做得如此好以至于我們被邀請(qǐng)與我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(2016·北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) We_did_so_well

14、_that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school. 2.Whenever I think of this trip, a smile will appear on my face. 每當(dāng)我想起這次旅行，我的臉上就會(huì)露出笑容。 whenever“無(wú)論何時(shí)”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 無(wú)論何時(shí)你需要幫助，我希望你可以聯(lián)系我。 Whenever_you_need_help,_I hope you can get in touch with me. 3.At the

15、beginning we had theimpression that the rain was stopping and some very early daylight seemed to be reaching us. 剛開(kāi)始時(shí)，我們的印象是，雨要停并且一些晨光似乎要到達(dá)我們。 that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，它是對(duì)前面抽象名詞的內(nèi)容的具體解釋和說(shuō)明，二者是同位關(guān)系。 你為什么不相信我堵車了這個(gè)理由呢？ Why don't you believe the reason that_my_car_was_caught_in_the_traffic_jam？ 第一

16、板塊核心單詞歸納集釋 1．desire n．欲望；要求，心愿 vt.希望得到；想要 [高考佳句]　Meanwhile, I desire that you add career planning to the newspaper.(2014·上海高考寫作) 與此同時(shí)，我渴望你們?cè)趫?bào)紙上增加職業(yè)規(guī)劃?rùn)谀俊? (1)have a strong desire (2)desire to do sth.　　　　　　　　 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 desire that ...(should) do sth. 渴望……做某事 ①Devot

17、ed to her career, she has no desire to_become (become) a wife and mother. 因?yàn)槿硇耐度氲搅耸聵I(yè)中，所以她不想為人妻為人母。 ②We always desire to_live (live) in peace with all the other countries in the world. 我們一直希望與世界上其他國(guó)家和平相處。 ③The teacher desired that all the exercises (should)_be_handed (hand) in before school was

18、over. 老師要求所有練習(xí)放學(xué)前交上來(lái)。 [名師指津]　desire后跟賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should ＋動(dòng)詞原形”形式，should 可以省略。 2．link vt.連接；聯(lián)系 [高考佳句]　Your innovations should be linked to our school life and be able to make our life more convenient. (2014·遼寧高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) 你的創(chuàng)意應(yīng)該與我們的學(xué)校生活有關(guān)，能使我們的生活更加便利。 link up　　　　　　　聯(lián)合，連接；使結(jié)合；使連接

19、link up with 連接；聯(lián)合 link ... with/to ... 將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái) be linked to/with 與……有關(guān) ①The two spacecraft will link_up_with each other in orbit. 兩艘宇宙飛船將在軌道上(互相)連接。 ②Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to/with carbon emissions. 大多數(shù)科學(xué)家都相信氣候變化與排放的含碳?xì)怏w有關(guān)。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“與……有聯(lián)系/有關(guān)”的短語(yǔ)表達(dá)還有：

20、be related to, have something to do with, be connected with, be combined with等。 3．a(chǎn)ppealing adj.吸引人的 [教材原句]　People from all over the world visit China to see the Great Wall because it is one of the most appealing attractions of China. 來(lái)自全世界的人們到中國(guó)去看長(zhǎng)城，因?yàn)樗侵袊?guó)最有吸引力的景點(diǎn)之一。 　appeal vi.　　　　　　有吸引力；呼吁，懇請(qǐng)

21、 n. 上訴；呼吁；懇求 (1)appeal to (對(duì)某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感興趣；向某人呼吁 appeal to sb. for sth. 為某事向某人呼吁或請(qǐng)求 appeal to sb. to do sth. 懇求/呼吁某人做某事 (2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 為某事向某人呼吁或請(qǐng)求 make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/懇求某人做某事 ①We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or a

22、ppeal to our emotions than for straight facts.(2015·浙江高考單選) 我們通常更容易記住那些對(duì)我們的感官產(chǎn)生刺激、對(duì)我們的情感有吸引力的東西，而非直截了當(dāng)?shù)氖聦?shí)。 ②I'm writing a letter, expecting your newspaper to appeal to the public to_pay (pay) more attention to environmental protection. 我正在寫一封信，希望你們的報(bào)紙能夠呼吁公眾更加關(guān)注環(huán)境保護(hù)。 ③The police are making_an_app

23、eal_to the public for information about the crime. 警方呼吁公眾提供有關(guān)這宗罪案的信息。 [一言串記](méi)　Martin Luther King appealed to the blacks to appeal to the highest court against racial discrimination，which greatly appealed to the whole world. 馬丁·路德·金呼吁黑人向最高法庭上訴反對(duì)種族歧視，這引起了全世界極大的關(guān)注。 4．defend vt.保護(hù)；防御；辯護(hù) [教材原句]　As ea

24、rly as the Spring and Autumn Period, each principality in China constructed its own “great wall” in various places to defend itself from enemies. 早在春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期，中國(guó)的每一個(gè)諸侯國(guó)在不同的地方都建造了它自己的“長(zhǎng)城”以保護(hù)自己不受敵人的進(jìn)攻。 (1)defend ... from/against ...　保護(hù)……免受……， 為……辯護(hù) defend oneself 自衛(wèi) (2)defence n. 防御；保護(hù)；辯護(hù) in def

25、ence (of ...) 為……辯護(hù)；防衛(wèi) in sb.'s/sth.'s defence 為某人/某物辯護(hù)；在 某人/某物的防備下 ①They need more troops to defend the border against/from possible attack. 他們需要更多的部隊(duì)來(lái)保衛(wèi)邊境地區(qū)免受可能的攻擊。 ②More and more women today have learned to arise in_defence_of their legal rights. 如今，越來(lái)越多的婦女學(xué)會(huì)站起來(lái)保護(hù)她們的合法權(quán)利。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　與defen

26、d ... from/against用法類似的還有：prevent ... (from), stop ... (from), keep ... from, protect ... from/against, discourage ... from等，上述短語(yǔ)若用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，from都不可省略。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)全練(單句語(yǔ)法填空) 1．We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge. 2．When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head w

27、ith his hands, as if in defence (defend)． 3. Getty made a large fortune in his life, but he gave most of his money to the art world. 4．With all these attractions (attract), no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland. 5．There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one kno

28、ws when it came into existence.(exist) 6．It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, therefore,_supply more jobs.(2014·安徽高考單選) 7．Situated (situate) at the top floor of the building, we can have a good view of the city. 8．As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the peop

29、le who would make the best impression (impress) on our customers. Ⅱ.重難點(diǎn)多練 1．desire個(gè)個(gè)清 (1)單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①M(fèi)y parents desire me to_enter (enter) a key university. ②The teacher desires that we (should)_hand (hand) in our homework this afternoon. ③It's obvious that people in that country have a strong des

30、ire for peace. (2)一句多譯 我們班的所有學(xué)生都渴望上名牌大學(xué)。 ④All the students in our class have_a_strong_desire_to_go_to_a_famous_university.(desire n．) ⑤All the students in our class desire_to_go_to_a_famous_university.(desire to do sth.) ⑥All the students in our class desire that they (should)_go_to_a_famous_un

31、iversity. 2．link重點(diǎn)練 (1)介、副詞填空 ①The bands have linked up for a charity concert. ②They believe that this illness is linked to/with the use of chemical pesticides. (2)一句多譯 我的工作和以前的研究相聯(lián)系。 ③My_work_is_linked_to/with_previous_research. ④My_work_is_related_to_previous_research. ⑤My_work_has_someth

32、ing_to_do_with_previous_research. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 1．根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出名詞attraction的詞義 (A)向往的地方　　(B)吸引，吸引力 (C)愛(ài)慕 (D)有吸引力的特征(或品質(zhì)、人)　 ①I can't see the attraction of sitting on the beach all day.__D__ ②The attraction of the earth for other bodies is called the force of gravity.__B__ ③The Great Wall is such a well-

33、known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.__A__ ④She felt an immediate attraction to Jim at first sight.__C__ 2．根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出flood的詞性和詞義 (A)n.洪水　　　　　　　　(B)v.淹沒(méi) (C)v.蜂擁而至(出) (D)v.充滿 ①As soon as the manager opened the door, applicants flooded into the office.__C__ ②If the pip

34、e bursts, it could flood the whole house.__B__ ③The town was destroyed by the floods after the storm.__A__ ④Their markets are flooded with foreign goods.__D__ 第二板塊短語(yǔ)句型歸納集釋 1．wind one's way 沿蜿蜒曲折的路線前行 [教材原句]　It winds its way westwards over the vast land of China from the bank of the Yalu River

35、 to the foot of snow-covered Qilian Mountain. 它蜿蜒前行，向西穿過(guò)中國(guó)廣袤的土地，從鴨綠江畔到白雪皚皚的祁連山下。 find one's way　　　　發(fā)現(xiàn)(到某處的)途徑 make one's way 前往；成功 make way (for) (給……)讓路；讓位于(……) feel one's way (在黑暗中)摸索前進(jìn) lose one's way 迷路 push one's way 擠著前進(jìn) ①Like ancient sailors, birds can find_their_way using the sun

36、 and the stars.(2015·重慶高考單選) 像古代的水手一樣，鳥(niǎo)兒能夠用太陽(yáng)和星星來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)前行的路。 ②We lost_our_way in that small village, otherwise we would have visited more places of interest yesterday.(2012·福建高考單選) 在那個(gè)小村子里我們迷路了，否則我們昨天就會(huì)參觀更多名勝了。 2．take part in參加，參與 [高考佳句]　I'm chosen to represent our school to take part in the Englis

37、h debate competition, which you know is of great importance to me.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書(shū)面表達(dá)) 我被選出來(lái)代表我們學(xué)校參加英語(yǔ)辯論競(jìng)賽，你知道這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是非常重要的。 take part　　　　　　　　　　參加 take an active part in 積極參加…… ①When I watched the game he encouraged me to_take_part. 當(dāng)我觀看比賽時(shí)他鼓勵(lì)我參加。 ②It goes without saying that taking_an_active_part_

38、in_social_activities can broaden our horizons. 不言而喻，積極參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)能開(kāi)闊我們的視野。 [辨析比較]　 take part in, join, join in, attend 試一試　選用上述詞語(yǔ)填空 My brother ③attended a law school after he left middle school. Yesterday he ④attended/took_part_in a meeting held in his class. He ⑤joined_in the discussion whether they

39、 would ⑥join a theater club. At last, most students signed up for it, including my brother. 辨一辨　 take part in 指參加群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等，參加者持積極態(tài)度，在活動(dòng)中起作用 join 指加入某個(gè)團(tuán)體、組織等，并成為其中一員 join in 指參加某些小型的活動(dòng)或比賽等，也可以用于join sb. in sth. attend 主要指參加會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮或上課、上學(xué)、做禮拜、聽(tīng)報(bào)告等，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“參加”這一動(dòng)作本身，不強(qiáng)調(diào)參加者的作用 3. It was

40、so small and narrow that we had to be careful to keep our balance. 它(剛朵拉)是如此小且狹窄以至于我們不得不小心翼翼地來(lái)保持平衡。 so/such ...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如此……以至于”。 (1)so ...that ...句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)： ①Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.(2013·四川高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) 每天堅(jiān)持寫學(xué)習(xí)日記是如此重要，所以我想把這

41、種學(xué)習(xí)方法介紹給你們。 ②He has so_few_friends that he suffers from loneliness. 他的朋友如此少，以至于他非常孤單。 (2)such ...that ...句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)： ③Dalian is such_an_attractive_place that lots of tourists visit it every year. 大連是一個(gè)如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客來(lái)這里觀光旅游。 (3)當(dāng)so或such放在句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。 ④So_excited_was_I that I couldn't wait

42、 to try my hand at riding the bicycle.(2014·福建高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) 我非常興奮，迫不及待地想嘗試騎自行車。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)全練 1．單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①The hotel insists that guests check out of their rooms before 11 o'clock in the morning. ②In order not to be late, she cut across the fields. ③He didn't attend the negotiation in that he was ill. ④I

43、n a way, I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you. ⑤The child couldn't keep his balance on his new bicycle and fell down. ⑥Every room here is equipped with air conditioning. ⑦Is there any chance that the patient rises to his feet again? ⑧Today, more and more English

44、words find their way into the Chinese language.(2014·江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá)) 2．運(yùn)用所學(xué)短語(yǔ)完成片段 From my point of view, we should buy some popular science books ①as_well_as (和) literary books ②in_that (因?yàn)? they are beneficial to us. The books in the library should be classified ③according_to (根據(jù)) different subjects. B

45、esides, every student has to ④take_part_in (參加) the running around the playground in the morning, with nobody excepted. It must be ⑤pointed_out (指出) that students are not permitted to ⑥cut_across (抄近路穿過(guò)) the playground. Thus, they not only learn well but also have a good body. Ⅱ.重難點(diǎn)多練 1．take part

46、in相關(guān)詞匯細(xì)辨析 選詞填空：take part in/join in/attend/join ①Our teacher used to bring us to attend a science lecture in the hall twice a term. ②I am writing to apply to join_in the activity you are organizing.(2015·重慶高考寫作) ③Anyone can join the club, without respect to class, race, or sex. ④In early days o

47、nly male athletes were allowed to take_part_in the Olympic Games. 2．so/such ...that ...大演練 (1)單句語(yǔ)法填空 ①There is so much work to do that I won't be able to take off this year. ②It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it several times. ③So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.

48、 (2)一句多譯 天氣非常寒冷，以至于街上沒(méi)有人。 ④It was so_cold_a_day_that there was nobody on the street.(so) ⑤It was such_a_cold_day_that there was nobody on the street.(such) ⑥Such_a_cold_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(such倒裝句) ⑦So_cold_a_day_was_it_that there was nobody on the street.(so倒裝句)

49、 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．He felt his way across the room when the lights went out. 2．At that time, I loved basketball so much that I played it all day long.(2014·重慶高考寫作) 3．I like cats but unfortunately (fortunate), I am allergic to them. 4．Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves ag

50、ainst/from some attacks. 5．In the company, pay increases are_linked (link) to performance. 6．Her motivation for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.(2014·湖北高考多選) 7．Whenever I am faced with challenges, I will think of him.(2016·北京高考寫作) 8．What was so impressive (imp

51、ress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.(2014·湖北高考多選) Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．In a word, there are such many disadvantages of Internet voting that it is not worth trusting.(2016·江蘇高考書(shū)面表達(dá))such→so 2．I look back on my time in the UK with satisfying, hoping to go b

52、ack to Manchester again.satisfying→satisfaction 3．The bag, as well as the books, were donated to the poor boy yesterday.were→was 4．The opening ceremony appealed the audience all over China.appealed后加to 5．Some experts desired that we left enough space for children.left→leave_ 6．Although the drago

53、n is quite familiar to most Chinese, but nobody has ever seen a real one. 去掉but Ⅲ.用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成寫作訓(xùn)練 (一)依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全短文 I'm Li Hua, a student from Class 2, Grade 3. I'm writing to apply to take_part_in (參加) voluntary service as a student volunteer. The job you advertised is very attractive to me. ①I real

54、ly desire you to offer me a precious opportunity. By offering my service I will improve my organizational ability, communication skills as_well_as (和) my confidence in speaking English in public. As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. ②Besides, my spoken English is so good that

55、I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. Therefore (However/Otherwise/Therefore), I often lend a helping hand to her in several English activities, which is_similar_to (與……相似) voluntary work. I also love traveling and I've been to many places of interest. I am sure that if I serve_as (擔(dān)任

56、) a member of your team you'll smile with pleasure at last. I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級(jí) 1．用本單元高級(jí)詞匯替換加黑部分 (1)attractive→appealing (2)places of interest→attractions (3)pleasure→satisfaction 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)將句①改為賓語(yǔ)從句 I_really_desire_that_you_(shoul

57、d)_offer_me_a_precious_opportunity._ (2)用倒裝句改寫句② Besides,_so_good_is_my_spoken_English_that_I_am_elected_as_assistant_to_my_English_teacher. [課下練熟高考] 閱讀理解提速練——練速度 (限時(shí)：20分鐘) A (2017·重慶市高三二模)Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots ab

58、le to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach, which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland. If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website , chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryl

59、and's professor Yiannis Aloimonos, leader of the group, said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.” “At present, the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally, we took our own videos, our came

60、ras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And, as the robot advances, it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality homemade videos.” So far, the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts, such as grasping a spoon, bringing

61、 it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results. But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it l

62、earns during a certain task, the so-called feedback (反饋意見(jiàn)); another is the introduction of language. “I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical (比喻性的) language，”he added.“But，” he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will

63、 be working for us.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文。機(jī)器人按既定指令完成任務(wù)并不讓人覺(jué)得新鮮，但能看著視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，你可能前所未聞。 1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on” in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by ________. A．take hold of　　　　　 　B．make use of C．keep track of D．catch sight of 解析：選B　詞義猜測(cè)題。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted ...used b

64、y a robot.”可知，機(jī)器人能利用網(wǎng)上大量的視頻信息。結(jié)合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on應(yīng)與“make use of”意思相近，因此選擇B項(xiàng)。 2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot ________. A．can not fully digest what it learns B．can not make a simple salad C．can follow home-made videos D．can understand metaphorical language 解析：選A　推理判

65、斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Aloimonos的話可知，該機(jī)器人目前還不能理解比喻性的語(yǔ)言。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能認(rèn)為目前該機(jī)器人還不能完全消化它學(xué)的東西，應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)。 3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because ________. A．they can easily follow fixed programs B．they are smart enough to learn cooking C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch D．pr

66、edetermined instructions are not flexible 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的前兩句可知，教機(jī)器人理解視頻是因?yàn)轭A(yù)定指令不夠靈活，應(yīng)選擇D項(xiàng)。 4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage? A．Robots Creating a New World B．Robots Making Cooking Videos C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions 解析：選C　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了通過(guò)觀看視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，因此C項(xiàng)是最佳標(biāo)題。 B (2017·重慶一中高三月考)2015 is a great time for more creative China tours to be made. Shanghai Disney opens more high-spee