2015年高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀理解題干題支規(guī)律

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1、2015年高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀理解題干題支規(guī)律 主旨大意 閱讀微技能訓(xùn)練1-目的態(tài)度題 細(xì)節(jié)題之 觀點(diǎn)陳述正確與否 指代關(guān)系refer to 詢問(wèn)目的\意圖 aim ,purpose 文章類型及出處 type 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，行文邏輯 How is the passage developed ? By space, by comparison, By time , by asking question ,by making definition , by giving examples ,by listing facts …. 篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 判斷態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的辦法 主旨大意

2、主旨大意題是高考閱讀理解的主要題型之一， 旨在考查考生對(duì)鍛煉大意或者文章中心思想的把握和歸納能力。此類題數(shù)量較大，在15個(gè)題中約占3-4個(gè)。 ◆設(shè)問(wèn)特點(diǎn)： 1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。 2. 正確選項(xiàng)概況范圍大小恰當(dāng)，主旨判斷準(zhǔn)確。 3. 錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)常常是太大、太窄或者偏離主題，主觀臆斷。 4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等詞提問(wèn)。 ◆?？紗?wèn)題： 1). 中心思想類 The main point /idea of the passage is… The passage is mainly ab

3、out… The passage mainly discusses… The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…? Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? 72. What is stressed in the first paragraph? 2).標(biāo)題類 Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

4、 The best title for the passage would be … 細(xì)節(jié)題之 觀點(diǎn)陳述正確與否 34. Which of the following statements is true? A. Tickets are sold in Kwun Tong High School. B. It's unnecessary to take soft drinks with you. C. Free digital cameras are provided for everybody. D. Festival food will be s

5、erved without extra charge. 指代關(guān)系 (2013湖南閱讀理解B) 61. “Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________. A. a program directed by Dorothy B. a course given by the author C. an activity held by the students D. an organization sponsored by Union College （2013新課標(biāo)I ，59）. The unde

6、rlined word “glitch” probably means _________ A. cover B. change C. note D. fault 42. The word "culprit" ( Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to______. A. criminal B. judge C. victim D. producer 2．How does the writer support the underlined statement in Paragraph 2? A．By giving instructi

7、ons． B．By analyzing cause and effect． C．By following the order of time． D．By giving examples． 詢問(wèn)目的\意圖 （2014 濰坊一模閱讀C，51）．The two questions in Paragraph l are raised to _____ A．introduce the topic B．give two examples C．compare different opinions D．get answers from readers

8、 （2012四川A，42）. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that ______ . 49. What is the main purpose of the selection? A. To give advice on how to stay healthy. B. To provide information about our body. C. To challenge new findings in medical research. 挑戰(zhàn)，質(zhì)疑 D. To r

9、eport the latest discoveries in medical science. （2013江蘇閱讀B，59.）The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates_______. A. the necessity of patience in queuing B. the advantage of modern technology C. the uncertainty of allocation principle D. the fairness of telephonic

10、 services illustrates. vt.說(shuō)明；表明；給…加插圖；（用示例、圖畫等）說(shuō)明 （2013江蘇閱讀B，60）.The passage is meant to_______ . A. justify paying for faster services B. discuss the morals of allocating things C. analyze the reason for standing in line D. criticize the behavior of queue jumping . justify證明…有理；為…辯護(hù)；對(duì)…作出解釋

11、 64. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ________ A. . provide some key facts B. attract the readers’ interest in the subject C. show great respect for the ancient thinker D. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations 5. The aim to write the passage is to ______. A. p

12、raise B. doubt C. blame D. state state陳述，聲明 ‘Our relationship is totally platonic,’ she stated... “我們純屬精神戀愛(ài)，”她聲明道。 （2012 浙江C ，54） The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to_______. A. complain about problems in school education B. teach students different strategies for school lif

13、e C. advocate teaching conflict management in schools D. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence （濰坊一模閱讀C ，51）．The two questions in Paragraph l are raised to A．introduce the topic B．give two examples C．compare different opinions D．get answers from reade

14、rs （2013江蘇閱讀理解D 對(duì)Mark Twain 的介紹70.）What does the author mainly argue for? A. Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism. B. Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln. C. Twain’s works had been banned on unreasonable grounds. D. Twain s works should

15、be read from a historical point of view. （2011重慶閱讀E） 74. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_____. A. voice a different opinion B. find fault with Lomborg’s book C. challenge the authority of the media D. point out the value of scientific views. （2011重慶閱讀E） 75. What is th

16、e author’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye. B. To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews. C. To blame the media’s lack of responsibility in presenting information. D. To show the importance of presenting overall infor

17、mation by the media. 2013湖南閱讀理解B 65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment. C. However poor you are, you have the right to education. D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achieveme

18、nt. 2012遼寧閱讀理解C64. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ________ A. . provide some key facts about Confucius B. attract the readers’ interest in the subject C. show great respect for the ancient thinker D. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations (2013福建E）71. The Yo

19、ung Inspirations mentoring program aims to _____. A. train staff for world-famous firms B. offer job opportunities to young adults C. provide youth with unique experiences D. equip the unemployed with different skills 練習(xí)鞏固1： （2011江西英語(yǔ)D篇探索太空） 71. Why does the author mention the questions i

20、n Paragraph1? A. To express his doubts. B. To compare different ideas. C. To introduce points for discussion. D. To describe the conditions on Earth. 原文 Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefi

21、ts? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因構(gòu)成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, a

22、nd on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible. 練習(xí)鞏固2： （2012浙江A41 ）The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage

23、in order to_______. A. show the importance of Easter Day B. introduce the issue about bunnies C. remind people of Easter traditions D. discuss the relationship between Easter and bunnies 2012浙江A Easter(復(fù)活節(jié) ) is still a great day for worship, candy in baskets and running around the yard findin

24、g eggs, but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies(兔子). And no, not because the kids like to pull their ears. The culprit is climate change, and some researchers found that rising temperatures arc having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US. Take the Lower Keys Ma

25、rch rabbit, for instance. An endangered species that lives in the Lower Florida Keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer — it lives on the islands! — but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising levels. According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean lev

26、el rise of only 0. 6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (棲息地) completely. The snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, ea

27、ch designed to give them better cover from predators（捕食者）. As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies arc being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. Researchers know that the

28、 color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down. American pikas or rock rabbits,

29、a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the firs' of these species to go extinct due to climate change. About 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool, damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains. As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (遷徙) to higher ground — but they already

30、 occupy the mountaintops. They can't go any higher. The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat beats up. The volcano rabbit has the same problem. These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico, and recent studies have

31、 shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. Scientists are concerned about their populations. Native to the US, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in

32、 the American West. They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. Their habitats have been destroyed by development. Several populations, such as the Columbia Basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tun

33、nels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed. All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter. 41 The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage in order to_______. A. show the importance of Easter Day B. int

34、roduce the issue about bunnies C. remind people of Easter traditions D. discuss the relationship between Easter and bunnies 42. The word "culprit" ( Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to______. A. criminal B. judge C. victim D. producer 43. According to the passage, some rabbits can now be easi

35、ly Uncovered by predators because they_______ A. are exposed lo more skillful hunters B. have moved to habitats with fewer plants C. haven't adapted themselves to climate change D. can't change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring 44, The problem faced by volcano rabbets and ro

36、ck rabbits is that________. A. both are affected by 1ess snow B. both are affected by rising sea levels C neither can find enough food 0. neither can migrate to higher places 45 Which best describes the writer's tone in the passage? A. Approving. B. Concerned. C. Enthusiastic. D. Doubtful. 練習(xí)

37、鞏固3： （2010天津閱讀B） 44. Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to _______. A. bring fun to poor kids B. provide soccer balls for children C. give poor kids a chance for a better life D. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids 原文He created a foundation to provide poor children with not o

38、nly soccer balls but also a promising future. 練習(xí)鞏固4： A 2012遼寧 Mini Book Excerpts（節(jié)選） Biography When Salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land,the middle-aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the netghboring area to protect it… The town

39、speople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor. J. D. Sulinger：A Life by Kenneth Slawenski（Random House,$27）Mystery（疑案小說(shuō)） “You’re a smart boy. Benny’s death was no accident, and you’re the only who saw it happen. Do you th

40、ink the murderer should get away with it ? ”The boy was starting stubbornly at his lap again. A thought suddenly occerred to Annika,“Did you …You recognized the man in the car,didn’t you?” The boy hesitated, twisting his fingers,“Maybe,”he said quitely.

41、 Red Wolf by Liza Marklund（Atria Books, $25. 99） Short Stories She wants to say to him what she has learmed,none of it in class. Some women are borm stupid,and some women are too smart for their own good. Some women are born to give ,and some women only know how to take. Some women learn

42、 who they want to be from their mothers,some who they don’t want to be. Some mothers suffer so their daughters won’t. Some mothers love so their daughters won’t. You Are Free by Danzy Senna （Riverhead Books,$15） Humor Do your kids like to have fun? Come to Fu

43、n Times! Do you like to watch your kids having fun? Bring them to Fun Times! Fun Times!’s “amusement cycling”is the most fun you can have,legally,in the United States right now. Why spend thousands of dollars flying to Disney World when you can speng less than half to that within a day’s drive lf m

44、ost cities? Happy And Other Bad Thoughts by Larry Doyle（Ecco,$14. 99） 57. The book Happy And Other Bad Thoughts is intended for . A. young children B. Disney World workers C. middle school teachers

45、 D. parents with young children 練習(xí)鞏固5： 71. The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to _____. A. train staff for world-famous firms B. offer job opportunities to young adults C. provide youth with unique experiences D. equip the unemployed with different skills 題目中根據(jù) A MENTORING (導(dǎo)

46、師制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth. Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21. Alex Goldberg, the program's founder, said; "We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give

47、 young people experiences [u1]?which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook. “We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth. For example, we've secured internships (實(shí)習(xí)) with world-famous firms such as Honda. 練習(xí)鞏固6： 2012遼寧

48、 C If Confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. IIe’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out. While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United

49、 States will give him a passing thought. It’s nothing personal. Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes. But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach

50、a deeper understanding of China. In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. T

51、he main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy（哲學(xué)）. Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, a

52、re racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers. So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.

53、 Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West. As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is. 64. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ___

54、_____ A. . provide some key facts about Confucius B. attract the readers’ interest in the subject C. show great respect for the ancient thinker D. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations 65. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students______ A. have a great interest

55、 in studying Chinese B. take an active part in Chinese competitions C. try to get high scores in Chinese exams D. fight for a chance to learn Chinese 66. What is the best title for the passge? A. Forgotten Wisdom in America B. Huge Fans of the Chinese Language C. Chinese Culture for Wes

56、terners D. Old Thinker with a Big Future 67. The passage is likely to appear in ___________. A. a biography B. a history paper C. a newspaper D. a philosophy textbook 文章類型及出處 2014新課標(biāo)閱讀理解A23.What type of writing is this text? A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.

57、C. An announcement. D. An official report. 2013-2011新課標(biāo)閱讀理解 70.What type of writing the article likely to be ? A. Science fiction B. A news report. C. A medical report. D. Popular science 2013陜西卷閱讀D 60.This text is likely to be selected from a book of _________. A medicine B education

58、 C geography D history 傾聽(tīng)的作用2013江西C 70. What type of writing is the article likely to be? A. Science fiction. B. A news report. C. A medical report. D. Popular science. E. Entertainment 59. The text probably comes from ________. A. a guide book B. a popular magazine C. a

59、 book review D. an official document P86 2012遼寧C介紹孔子思想及中國(guó)文化對(duì)西方的影響和地位 67. The passage is likely to appear in ___________. A. a biography B. a history paper C. a newspaper D. a philosophy textbook 主旨大意 答案不唯一。 引用諺語(yǔ) (2011天津閱讀B） What dose the author mostly want to tell us in

60、 the last paragraph? Failure is the mother of success. Little by little ,one goes far. Every coin has two sides. Well begun ,half done. P14 2013重慶A 59. What did the author learn from her experience most probably? A. Strike while the iron is hot. B. Have a good word for one's friend. C.

61、 Put oneself in other's shoes. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 2013山東閱讀理解A P7 60. A. What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience？ A. Where there is a will, there’s a way B. A friend in need is a friend indeed C. Good is rewarded with good. D. Two heads are better than one P22 2013湖南

62、卷閱讀理解B 65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully. B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment. C. However poor you are, you have the right to education. D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement. 2013江西A 60.What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis ? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. No sweat, no sweet. C. It is no use crying over spilt milk. D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. One good turn deserves another. good turn n.善意的或友誼的行為，恩惠；好事