2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪選訓(xùn)習(xí)題 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5

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1、 必修5　Unit 2 The United Kingdom 李仕才 一、閱讀理解 A Whenever the word “hero” comes to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honorable, hardworking, and happy. When I think more about this word, I picture someone who has accomplished good things for people and tries to do the right thing. Hattie Eliza

2、beth Alexander is one person whom I find to be very heroic. Hattie was born in Baltimore, Maryland on April 5,1901. During her time at college she earned her Bachelor's Degree in Bacteriology and Physiology. These were just the first steps toward what she was finally going to be remembered for. Af

3、ter college Hattie attended Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and received her medical degree. After her education, she pursued her career, and after much time and hard work, she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼兒) dying from meningitis (腦膜炎). Hattie was very dedicated to her work and he

4、lped at as many locations as she could. Spending substantial (大量的) time in the laboratory, Hattie successfully developed a cure against the disease, which decreased the death rate to 20 percent. At the same time, she was also a teacher working with Columbia University. She was a caring lady intere

5、sted in other people's lives. When she was teaching at Columbia University, other members would talk to her about students that were failing their classes, and somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away. Later, Hattie became an instructor in Pediatri

6、cs at New York City's Babies Hospital. After many honors, she became the first woman president of the American Pediatric Society in 1965. This was her last major achievement, for soon after, Hattie died of cancer on June 24, 1968. Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped

7、 her accomplish great things for others. She gave them her strength by developing medicines against diseases, which, by doing so, made them stronger. This is what makes Hattie Elizabeth Alexander my hero. 【文章大意】　本文介紹了作者心目中的英雄——哈蒂·伊麗莎白·亞歷山大為社會(huì)作出的貢獻(xiàn)。 1. According to the passage，Hattie Elizabeth Alex

8、ander ________. A．received her Bachelor's Degree in Johns Hopkins School B．spent all her time in the laboratory developing cures for illnesses C．cared a lot about others' private lives D．a(chǎn)lways tried her best to help prevent students from dropping out of college 答案與解析：D'考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“...s

9、omehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.”可知，哈蒂總會(huì)盡最大努力阻止學(xué)生輟學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”． A．slightly B．hardly C．greatly D．totally 答案與解析：C'考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)文章第三段第一、二句以及第三句中的which decreased the death ra

10、te to 20 percent可推斷出，此處指經(jīng)過(guò)哈蒂的付出和努力，幼兒死于腦膜炎的比例大大下降。故推測(cè)，drastically意為“大幅度地；徹底地”，與greatly意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．Hattie is considered to be a hero by the author in that ________. A．she was an honorable, hardworking and happy person B．she was a very dedicated woman doctor with many honors C．she was a caring l

11、ady who helped many students finish college D．she was the first woman president of the APS 答案與解析：A'考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者視哈蒂為英雄是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)品德高尚、勤奮且快樂的人。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text? A．An Honorable Woman B．A Woman Accomplishing Great Things C．My Hero—Hat

12、tie Elizabeth Alexander D．The First Woman President of the APS 答案與解析：C'考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文講述的是作者心目中的英雄哈蒂·伊麗莎白·亞歷山大。故選C項(xiàng)。 B Leeds Library Calendar Monday 10 April 18:00-20:00 Leeds Centre for Victorian Studies — The Gott collection and the Yorkshire Landscape. Nicole Harding talks aboutte Gott

13、collection. Admission: FREE Saturday 6 May 13:00-15:30 Members’ Film Club: The Best Actor and Actress Season There Will Be Blood(15) 158 mins. Daniel Plainview (Day Lewis) is a down-and-out silver miner who strikes it rich and becomes an oil tycoon. When he learns of a small oil-rich town in Ca

14、lifornis, he moves there with his adopted son. Using his son to project the image of a caring family man, Plainview gains the cooperation of almost all the locals in the town, with promises to help develop their community but over time, Plainview’s gradual accumulation of wealth and power causes his

15、 true self to surface. Admission: €3(including a glass of wine). To book please click here. Wednesday 17 May 18:00-20:00 Member’s Film Club: The Best Actor and Actress Season Born Yesterday (PG) 116 mins. Judy Holliday plays Billie Dawn, the dumb blonde girlfriend of Harry Brook (Broderick Cra

16、wford), a corrupt millionaire junk dealer. Brock, a man with social ambitions, is embarrassed by Billie’s rube behavior, so he arranges for her to take a crash course in culture from a handsome, young journalist (Willian Holden). Billie learns really quickly under his kind guide and becomes increasi

17、ngly aware of her role in Brock’s business deals. Admission: €3(including a glass of wine). To book please click here. Thursday 8 June 18:00-20:30 Big Book End Event: In Conversation With Candace Robb and Chris Nickson Historian and historical crime fiction author, Candace Robb will be in conve

18、rsation with historical crime fiction author, Chris Nickson on Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library. Admission: €3 To book please click here. 1.What film will be shown on 6th?May? A. Judy Holliday. B.A Glass of Wine. C. There Will Be Blood. D. Born Yesterday. 2.What do we know abou

19、t Billie Dawn from Born Yesterday? A. She is embarrassed by he bad manners. B. She realizes what to be expected of her. C. She contributes to her family business. D. She admires her course teacher. 3.Who will attend Big Book End Event at the Leeds Library? A. Candace Robb. B. William Holde

20、n. C. Daniel Plainview. D. Broderick Crawford. 【文章大意】本文為一則廣告，介紹了四月份到六月份在Leeds Library要進(jìn)行的四個(gè)活動(dòng)。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知6 May 要上映There Will Be Blood，故選C。 3.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Historian and historical crime fiction author, Candace Robb will be in conversation with historical crime fiction auth

21、or, Chris Nickson on Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library.可知，Candace Robb將要在Leeds Library出席Big Book End Event，故選A。 二、七選五 (2018·鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)) Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy? Psychologists (心理學(xué)家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just h

22、ow much conversation we require is under examination. In one study, researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to happiness. __1__ Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps close

23、ness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers. Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments, psychologists gave Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers—something they typica

24、lly avoided. __2__ None of the chatters reported being rejected. Small talk can also help us feel connected with our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas(服務(wù)員) reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through t

25、he transaction(交易). __3__ One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected with the exhibit than those who were not approached. __4__ In one study, people who were rated “l(fā)ess curious” by researchers had trouble gettin

26、g a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure(透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal excha

27、nges. __5__. A．The same is true of gallery goers. B．But don't play down small talk just yet. C．They found that small talk is related to happiness. D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey. E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations. F．A “cu

28、rious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions” . G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger. 【文章大意】'本文主要講述了聊天會(huì)讓人開心。 1．答案與解析：B　根據(jù)上文的“In one study，researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their convers

29、ation related to happiness”和下文的“Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding”可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選B項(xiàng)“但是，不要貶低聊天的重要性”。 2．答案與解析：D　根據(jù)下文的“None of the chatters reported being rejected”可推知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客說(shuō)旅途更加愉快。 3．答案與解析：A　根據(jù)下文的“chat with gallery goers”可知，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。參觀美術(shù)館的人也有同樣的感受。 4．答案與解析：G　根據(jù)本段中對(duì)

30、兩類人的介紹可推知，有些人更擅長(zhǎng)把聊天話題擴(kuò)大，所以選G項(xiàng)。 5．答案與解析：F　根據(jù)上文的“But people who were considered curious' needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges”可推知，具有好奇心的人會(huì)與他人進(jìn)行積極的社交互動(dòng)，所以選F項(xiàng)。 三、短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

31、 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018·湖北四地七校聯(lián)考) The sun was just slowly come up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for its morning walk.I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white

32、and gold.The air was cool and I wore a big smile in my face.Even though there weren't leaf on the trees，but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring.Even my dogs seemed to notice the different in the air.They were playing instead of just do their morning business in the grass.The particular

33、golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day.As I headed back，I realize something.The beauty of day didn't come from the warmth of the sun.It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul. 【答案】 The sun was just slowly up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for morning walk.I smiled as

34、 I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold.The air was cool and I wore a big smile my face.Even though there weren't on the trees，/ I could still hear birds singing songs of spring.Even my dogs seemed to notice the in the air.They were playing instead of just their morning business

35、 in the grass.The golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day.As I headed back，I something.The beauty of day didn't come from the warmth of the sun.It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul. 第一處：come改為coming。此處表示“今天太陽(yáng)越過(guò)山頭慢慢升起來(lái)時(shí)我?guī)е业墓啡ド⒉健笨芍琧ome up動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故把come改為coming。 第二處：

36、its改為their。根據(jù)上文的“took my dogs”可知，指代dogs的形容詞性物主代詞要用their，所以把its改為their。 第三處：in改為on。根據(jù)句意“笑容滿面”，只能用介詞on而不是in，所以把in改為on。 第四處：leaf改為leaves。leaf作“樹葉”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，前無(wú)限定詞修飾；且其前的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也是復(fù)數(shù)形式weren't，所以應(yīng)把leaf改為leaves。 第五處：but改為yet或刪除but。根據(jù)句意及分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句中含有Even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，主句為I could still hear birds singing son

37、gs of spring，所以連詞but是多余的，應(yīng)刪除或者改為副詞yet。 第六處：different改為difference(s)。由句中的定冠詞“the”和“in the air”可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞difference，且difference為可數(shù)名詞，其前的定冠詞the不能決定其單復(fù)數(shù)的形式，前后句子也無(wú)法判斷其單復(fù)數(shù)，所以用復(fù)數(shù)也可以，故應(yīng)把different改為difference(s)。 第七處：do改為doing。由do前的介詞短語(yǔ)“instead of”可知，其后動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)名詞形式，所以應(yīng)把do改為doing。 第八處：particular改為particularly

38、。由“golden sun”可知，應(yīng)用particular的副詞形式來(lái)修飾其后的“golden sun”，所以應(yīng)把particular改為particularly。 第九處：realize改為realized。根據(jù)所在句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“As I headed back”可知，realize發(fā)生的時(shí)間與headed back是同時(shí)的，故也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)把realize改為realized。 第十處：在day前加the。此處特指上文敘述的“today”，所以應(yīng)在day前加the。 四、語(yǔ)法填空 (2018·江西名校聯(lián)盟檢測(cè)) Traditional Chinese cultur

39、e is beginning to capture the attention of the world. Kung fu，__1__ (especial), has had a great effect__2__ the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that, they may come to China and learn about some other__3__ (aspect) of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known

40、 about the__4__ (great) of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are__5__ mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even as it__6__ (challenge) by pop culture. This strength comes from the ideas__7__ (giv

41、e) in the Four Books of Confucianism, which built upon the ideas of an even__8__ (much) ancient period codified (編纂) in the Five Classics. From them, the West learns__9__ is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui. So far China has taken steps__10__ (further) this spread of its culture by establi

42、shing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了中國(guó)文化對(duì)世界的影響。 1．答案與解析：especially　考查副詞。尤其是中國(guó)功夫，對(duì)于那些通過(guò)功夫初次了解中國(guó)的成千上萬(wàn)的人來(lái)講，有著非常大的影響。especially“尤其是”，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)突出的人或者事情。 2．答案與解析：on　考查介詞。have a…effect on sb“對(duì)某人有……影響”為固定搭配，故填on。 3．答案與解析：aspects　考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。他們可能會(huì)來(lái)到中國(guó)，學(xué)

43、習(xí)了解中國(guó)文化的一些其他方面。根據(jù)空前的“some other”及aspect作“方面，層面”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞可知，此處應(yīng)用aspect的復(fù)數(shù)形式aspects。 4．答案與解析：greatness　考查名詞。其他亞洲國(guó)家很早以前就知道古代中國(guó)文化的博大。根據(jù)空前的“the”及空后的“of”可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞greatness。 5．答案與解析：a　考查冠詞。這些國(guó)家自身的文化是本土文化和中國(guó)特色(文化)的混合。mix在此作名詞，意為“混合，結(jié)合”，是可數(shù)名詞，且此處表示泛指，故用a。 6．答案與解析：is challenged　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)本文的基本時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知，此

44、處亦用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；it在此指代上文中的“Confucianism”，和challenge之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填is challenged。 7．答案與解析：given　考查過(guò)去分詞。這種力量來(lái)自“四書”中所提供的觀念。the ideas與give之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 8．答案與解析：more　考查比較級(jí)?！八臅笔且勒铡拔褰?jīng)”的編纂中所體現(xiàn)的更為早期的思想而著成的。根據(jù)句意及空前的“even”可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式，故填more。 9．答案與解析：what　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作learns的賓語(yǔ)，空處在句中作主語(yǔ)，且此處表示“所……的事物”，故用what。 10．答案與解析：to further　考查不定式。目前，中國(guó)已經(jīng)采取措施進(jìn)一步推廣中國(guó)文化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用不定式形式。further在此用作動(dòng)詞，意為“促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)”。 9