（浙江專用）2020版高考英語一輪復習 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境練習（含解析）

《（浙江專用）2020版高考英語一輪復習 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境練習（含解析）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（浙江專用）2020版高考英語一輪復習 話題練 第19練 世界與環(huán)境練習（含解析）（7頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第19練 世界與環(huán)境 基礎鞏固 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Theamountofwaterwhichissuitable____________(drink) islessandlessnow. 2．Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohow________________(save) water. 3．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportant________________(protect) ourenvironment. 4．InChinaalotofriv

2、ersandlakesare________(serious) pollutedbysomefactories. 5．Somewastewaterhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes，________(kill) alargenumberoffish. 6．Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworld________________(become) muchmorebeautiful. 7．Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostd

3、ifficult________(problem) intheworld. 8．Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterand________(healthy) inthefuture. 9．Itishightimethatthegovernment________________(take) somemeasurestoreducepollution. 10._________thewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern. 11．Thegovern

4、mentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactories________(produce) harmfulgases. 12．Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theearthwouldgettoohottolive________. 13．Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostof________arebeyondourcontrol. 14．Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicals________ar

5、epoisonoustohumanbeings. 15．Nobodyknows________(exact) whyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime. 話題詞匯 1．pollutionn．污染 2．a(chǎn)tmospheren．大氣，氣氛 3．consequencen．結(jié)果，后果 4．a(chǎn)ttachgreatimportanceto...十分重視…… 5．beawareof...意識到…… 6．damagev．毀壞 7．makeadifference有影響 8．environmentn．環(huán)境 9．suff

6、erv．受苦，遭受 10．causev．導致 能力提升 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (2018·安徽皖北協(xié)作區(qū)聯(lián)考) Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern，rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadan

7、effectonmuchofthisremainingarea. Deforestation(森林濫伐) oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction，thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources，andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However，thisdestructioncanbeslowed，stopped，andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆轉(zhuǎn))．Mostpeopleagreethatthepr

8、oblemmustbesolved，butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic，political，andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment. So，whatshouldbedone？Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical，n

9、otcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持續(xù)的) useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests，effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termben

10、efitstheycanprovideformankind. Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed，asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions，closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor，norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcu

11、ttersanddevelopers. Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities. 16．Whathascausedsome

12、speciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests? A．Humans’destroyingthetrees. B．Carbonsinksbeingreduced. C．Lackingrenewableresources. D．Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests. 17．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage? A．Tropicalrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved. B．Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprote

13、cted. C．Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests. D．Economicreturnscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests. 18．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection? A．Indifferent. B．Concerned. C．Doubtful. D．Puzzled. 19．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage? A．Toshowthebadeffect

14、sofdeforestation. B．Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests. C．Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests. D．Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing. B Forcenturies，elephantshaveplayedabigroleintheworld’seconomies，culturesandreligions.TheAfricanelephantsusedtobefoundalloverAfricaandtheAsianelephant

15、smovedfromSyriatoChinatoIndonesia.Nowadays，elephantsarefoundinsmallgroupsinthesouthoftheSaharaDesertandscarcelyinSoutheastAsia，SriLankaandIndia. Intheearlytwentiethcentury，therewereclosetotenmillionelephants，andnowtheelephantnumberisaslowas252,000andexpectedtodropdownto160,000by2025.Between2007and2

16、014，theelephantpopulationfellbyatleast30%，or144,000elephants.AsresearchershavetraveledovertheAfricanplains，theyonlyspottedoneherdof36elephantsinanarealikethesizeofMexico.Itisclearthatthesegentlemammalsaredisappearingrightbeforeoureyes. Therearemanyreasonswhytheelephantpopulationhasbeendecreasing，on

17、eofwhichistheirhabitat.Humansarecompetingwithelephantsforlivingspace，andasmoreandmorehumansclearthelandthatisbeingusedbyelephants，theelephantshavelessspace.Elephanthuntingor“poaching”hasbeenamajorfactorforthedisappearanceofthisspecies，andtheyarekilledonlyfortheirvaluableivorytusks.Althoughthetradeof

18、tusksisillegal，itisstillacommonpracticeinmanyplaces. Often，allthelocalpeoplelivingamongelephantswouldbefarmers，andfoundthattheycouldmakemoremoneybysellingthetusksofoneelephantthandoingmanuallaborfortwelveyears.Thatalonemakesitreallyhardtopreventthemfromkillingtheelephants. SomeplacessuchasBotswana

19、，haveputinextraefforttoprotecttheirwildlifefrompoachersbyfoundingtheirBotswanaDefenseForce，whichismadeupofaround700specially-trainedsoldiersthatarestationedin40differentareas.Youmayfeelworriedaboutthepresentsituationselephantsarein，buttherearewaystohelp.Tofindouthowyoucanhelpelephantconservation，ado

20、ptanelephant，ordonate，clickhere. 20．ThenumberslistedinParagraph2showthat________. A．humansdon’tcareforelephants B．elephantshavebeennexttoextinction C．elephantshavebecomegentlerthanbefore D．elephantshavegainedmoreattention 21．Whatisthebiggestfactorforthedisappearingelephants? A．Lessspace. B．Al

21、ackoffood. C．Sufferingfromadisease. D．Elephanthunting. 22．Whyisithardtobankillingtheelephantsamongthefarmers? A．Theirtusksareprofitable. B．Elephantsaredestroyingtheirfieldscruelly. C．Farmershopetomakealivingbysellingtheirmeat. D．Farmerspracticetheirhuntingskillsbykillingelephants. 23．Whatisth

22、epurposeofthistext? A．Topersuadereaderstomakeadonation. B．Toguidereadershowtoprotectelephants. C．Toencouragereaderstohelpprotectelephants. D．Tointroducethedecreasingnumberofelephants. Ⅲ.七選五 It’seasytospotsignsofphysicalsuffering，butmuchemotionalpaincanbeeasilymasked.__24__“Wedon’ttendtohavecon

23、versationsaboutmentalwell-being，”saysDrBarbaraVanDahlen，aclinicpsychologist.“Simplyaskingsomeone‘Howareyou’mayjustget‘Fine，thankyou’，”saysVanDahlen.“It’simportanttobeawareofwhatcouldleadtosomebodyneedinghelpthey’reafraidtoaskfor，”sheadds.Thefollowingarefoursignsafriendmightneedhelp. ?__25__ Ifyous

24、ensesomethingdifferentaboutthewayyourfriendisacting—maybehe’snotsmilingmuchthesedays，forinstance—trustyourfeelingsandreachout.“Trysaying，‘Iseethesethings.Icareaboutyou.CanIbeofhelp？’”VanDahlensays. ?He’sunusuallyunhappyorannoyed. __26__“Itmaytakemorethanonetimetofollowupifyou’retalkingtosomeonewho

25、isupset，”VanDahlensays，“butifafriendrespondswithanger，thatcouldmeanyou’reontosomething.” ?He’slessputtogetherthanusual. Drinkingmoreandignoringpersonalhygiene(衛(wèi)生) canbesignsthatsomeoneisintrouble.Don’tconsiderthesebehaviorsarenothing.__27__Heseemsoverwhelmed(壓倒) bylife. Nooneishappyallthetime，but

26、ifyouronceoptimisticfriendcan’tfindanythingtobehopefulabout，hemaybehavingthoughtsofworthlessness，sadnessandsomethingnegative.“__28__”saysVanDahlen，“sothatmorepeoplecangetthehelptheyneed.” A．He’sactingabitmorewithdrawn. B．Hedoesn’tseemlikehimselflately. C．Insteadtreatthemasasigntocareforyourfriend

27、. D．Gettingangryquicklyandeasilycanbeasignthatsomethingiswrong. E．It’saconstantefforttobringintotheopendiscussionsaboutmentalhealth. F．Manypeopleavoidtalkingaboutitnomatterhowclosetheyaretosomeone. G．Wewantpeopletogetcomfortablebeingmoreopenanddiscussingmentalhealth. 答案精析話題練 Ⅰ.1.todrink　2.tosa

28、ve　3.toprotect　4.seriously　5.killing　6.willbecome　7.problems　8.healthier　9.shouldtake/took　10.On　11.producing　12.on　13.which　14.which/that　15.exactly Ⅱ. 語篇解讀　如今，熱帶雨林正面臨嚴重的生存危機，為世界敲響了環(huán)保警鐘。人類應采取更加實際、有效的措施來保護熱帶雨林。 16．A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Deforestation(森林濫伐) of tropical rainforests has a global effect

29、through species extinction”可知，人類對熱帶雨林的濫砍濫伐導致熱帶雨林一些物種的滅絕。故選A。] 17．D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Economic，political，and social pressures will not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed off from use and development.”可推知經(jīng)濟效益對保護熱帶雨林有一定影響。故選D。] 18．B　[觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段和第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者講述了熱帶雨林正在消失

30、的現(xiàn)狀并提出了一些保護措施已經(jīng)無效的問題。由此可以推斷出作者對熱帶雨林保護持擔憂的態(tài)度。故選B。] 19．C　[寫作目的題。通讀全文并根據(jù)最后兩段可知，作者認為傳統(tǒng)的保護熱帶雨林的方法無效，呼吁大家分享合適的保護措施。故選C。] 語篇解讀　本文主要講了大象在經(jīng)濟、文化和宗教上都起了很重要的作用，而現(xiàn)在由于種種原因，大象的數(shù)量在急劇減少。作者在這里呼吁人們保護野生大象。 20．B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的數(shù)據(jù)252 000,160 000,144 000,36可知，大象的數(shù)量在不斷地減少，所以它們有瀕臨滅絕的危險。故選B。] 21．D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Elephant

31、 hunting or ‘poaching’ has been a major factor for the disappearance of this species，and they are killed only for their valuable ivory tusks.”可知，導致大象滅絕最主要的原因是人類對大象的捕殺。故選D。] 22．A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，農(nóng)民捕殺大象的現(xiàn)象很難被禁止的原因是象牙很賺錢。故選A。] 23．C　[寫作目的題。通讀全文尤其是文中最后一段的最后兩句可知，作者寫作本文是想鼓勵人們保護大象。故選C。] Ⅲ. 24．F　[根

32、據(jù)本空后的“We don’t tend to have conversations about mental well-being”可知，“無論人們跟某人有多親密，他們都不會跟對方談論心理方面的問題”。F項中的it指代本空上一句中的 emotional pain。故選F。] 25．B　[根據(jù)下文中的“...something different about the way your friend is acting—maybe he’s not smiling much these days...”可知，“朋友跟平常不一樣”是他心理出問題的跡象之一。故選B。] 26．D　[根據(jù)本段的小標題

33、“He’s unusually unhappy or annoyed.”可知，“易怒是心理出問題的另一個跡象”。故選D。] 27．C　[根據(jù)本空前的“Don’t consider these behaviors are nothing.”可知，不要把這些不同尋常的行為不當一回事，“而是要把它們當成你去關(guān)愛朋友的跡象”。C項中的them指代上一句中的 behaviors。故選C。] 28．G　[根據(jù)本空后的“so that more people can get the help they need”可推知Van Dahlen希望人們能更自在地敞開心扉談論心理健康，只有這樣，更多的人才能得到他們需要的幫助。故選G。] 7